Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokusebenzisa izinhlelo ku-CMD: amaqhinga, imiyalo namathiphu

Umhlahlandlela we-Alpha » Ubuchwepheshe » Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokusebenzisa izinhlelo ku-CMD: amaqhinga, imiyalo namathiphu

Uma wake wazibuza ukuthi ungalusebenzisa kanjani uhlelo kusuka ku-command prompt ku-Windows, ufike endaweni efanele. Nakuba abasebenzisi abaningi bekhululekile ukusebenzisa i-graphical interface kanye namamenyu okuzulazula, umugqa womyalo uhlala uyithuluzi elinamandla elithuthukisa umkhiqizo, lenza izinqubo ngokuzenzakalela, futhi linikeza ukufinyelela emisebenzini yesistimu yokusebenza efihliwe. Eminyakeni edlule, ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-CMD kuye kwashintsha kusuka ekubeni yikhono eligcinelwe ochwepheshe kwaba yinzuzo kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi ofuna ukuthola okuningi kukhompyutha yakhe.

Kulesi sihloko, uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele noningiliziwe wakho konke okuhlobene nokusebenzisa izinhlelo kusukela ku-Command Prompt (CMD). Ihlanganisa amathiphu, izibonelo, izinketho ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nokubuka konke okuphelele okuzokuvumela ukuthi uqonde kokubili izisekelo kanye namasu athuthukisiwe kakhulu, uhlanganisa izincazelo ezilula nezigaba zabasebenzisi abanolwazi. Lapha uzothola konke okudingeka ukwazi, kusukela emiqondweni eyisisekelo kakhulu kuya kobunzima be-Command Prompt, kufaka phakathi imiyalo ewusizo, izinqamuleli, umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-CMD ne-PowerShell, ngisho nemininingwane mayelana nezandiso kanye nokuzenzakalela.

Iyini uphawu lomyalo futhi lusetshenziselwani?

Isixwayiso somyalo (esaziwa nangokuthi i-CMD) yikhonsoli yomyalo yendabuko ye-Windows, esebenza njengesixhumi esisekelwe kumbhalo sokuxhumana ngqo nesistimu yokusebenza. Nge-CMD, ungaqhuba izinhlelo, uqalise izikripthi, uphathe amafayela, ushintshe izilungiselelo, uxazulule izinkinga, nokunye okuningi.

Leli thuluzi libe yinto eyisisekelo kubasebenzisi beMicrosoft amashumi eminyaka, liba usizo kakhulu kubahleli bezinhlelo, abaphathi bezinhlelo, noma yimuphi umsebenzisi ofuna ukwenza imisebenzi ibe lula noma ukuxazulula izinkinga ngaphandle kokuthembela ku-interface yesithombe. I-CMD ingase ibonakale iyesabisa ekuqaleni , kodwa ngokuzijwayeza kanye nesisekelo somyalo esiqinile, iba ngenye yezinsiza ezisebenziseka kakhulu ku-Windows.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezivela ku-CMD kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinzuzo ezifana nokusebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa, ukufinyelela izinketho ezifihliwe, ukwenza izinqubo ngokuzenzakalela, nokusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Indlela yokuvula i-CMD ku-Windows

Esinye sezinyathelo zokuqala ukwazi ukuthi ungafinyelela kanjani isixwayiso somyalo. Kunezindlela eziningana ezilula zokusivula:

• Kusuka kubha yokusesha: Chofoza kumenyu ethi Qala noma kubha yokusesha, thayipha cmd o ngokushesha komyalobese ucindezela u-Enter. Umphumela wokuqala uvame ukuba yinqamuleli eya ku-CMD.
• Ukusebenzisa iwindi elithi "Run": Qhafaza I-Windows + R kukhibhodi yakho, thayipha cmd bese uqinisekisa nge-Enter.
• Kusuka ku-File Explorer: Iya kufolda lapho ufuna ukusebenza khona, chofoza kubha yekheli, thayipha cmd bese ucindezela u-Enter. Ikhonsoli izovuleka ngqo kuleyo ndawo.
• Ukufinyelela komlawuli: Uma udinga izimvume eziphakeme (isibonelo, ukufaka isofthiwe noma ukuguqula izilungiselelo zesistimu), sesha i-"cmd" kubha, chofoza kwesokudla kuyo, bese ukhetha okuthi "Run as administrator".

Kungani usebenzisa i-CMD ukuqhuba izinhlelo?

Abasebenzisi abaningi bayamangala lapho bethola konke okungenziwa ngefasitela elimnyama elilula. Ukuqalisa izinhlelo ezivela ku-CMD kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile:

• Isikhathi sokulondoloza: Akudingeki ukuthi useshe izinhlelo kumamenyu noma ohlwini, vele uthayiphe amagama azo.
• Ezenzakalelayo: Ungakha izikripthi ezisebenzisa izinhlelo eziningi noma imisebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukufinyelela ezicini ezithuthukisiwe: Ezinye izimpikiswano noma izindlela zokwenza zitholakala kuphela ngemiyalo.
• Ukuxazululwa kwenkinga: Ikuvumela ukuthi uphoqe ukuvulwa kwamathuluzi, uvale izinqubo, ngisho nokulungisa uhlelo.
• Ukulawulwa okuphelele kwemvelo: Phatha imizila, iziguquguquko, izimvume, kanye nezinqubo ngqo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa uhlelo oluvela ku-CMD: izisekelo

Uma usuvule iwindi le-Command Prompt, ukusebenzisa uhlelo kulula njengokuthayipha igama lalo (kanye nesandiso salo kanye/noma indlela uma kudingeka) bese ucindezela u-Enter. Isibonelo, ukuze uvule i-Notepad, udinga nje ukuthayipha:

inothi

Uma ifayela elisebenzisekayo likufolda engeyona ingxenye ye -PATH variable yesistimu , kuzodingeka ucacise indlela ephelele :

C:\Indlela\Ukuya\Uhlelo\example.exe

Endabeni yamafayela e-batch (.bat), ama-script (.cmd) noma amanye ama-executable aqashelwa uhlelo, inqubo iyafana.

Umyalo we-START: ukuvula izinhlelo ezinezinketho ezithuthukisiwe

Umyalo othi `qala` uyindlela enconywayo neguquguqukayo kakhulu yokuqalisa izinhlelo kusuka ku-CMD. Ikuvumela ukuthi uvule izinhlelo zokusebenza, amadokhumenti, izikripthi, noma ngisho namakhasi ewebhu, futhi inikeza nezinketho eziningi ezengeziwe zokwenza ngokwezifiso ukusebenza:

qala "Isihloko Sewindi" ifayela_noma_umyalo 

Ezinye izinketho eziwusizo:

• /d umzila: Chaza ifolda yasekhaya.
• /umzuzu: Qala iwindi elincishisiwe.
• /ubuningi: Qala iwindi elikhulisiwe.
• /linda: Linda uhlelo luqede ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nomyalo olandelayo.
• /b: Qalisa uhlelo ngemuva ngaphandle kokuvula iwindi elisha le-CMD.

Isibonelo esisebenzayo: Ukuvula i-Notepad efasiteleni elikhulisiwe:

qala /max notepad.exe

Uma ufuna ukuvula ifayela elithile ngohlelo oluthile, i-syntax iyafana. Isibonelo, ukuvula idokhumenti yombhalo nge-Notepad kusuka endleleni ethile:

qala "iNotepad" /d "C:\Amadokhumenti" notepad.exe ifayela.txt

Sebenzisa izinhlelo ezihlobene: amafayela nezandiso

Isixwayiso somyalo sibona ukuhlanganiswa kwamafayela okubhalisiwe ohlelweni lwakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungavula noma yiliphi ifayela ngohlelo lwalo oluzenzakalelayo ngokumane uthayiphe igama lefayela, isibonelo:

qala idokhumenti.pdf

Le ndlela izovula i-PDF ngesibukeli sakho esizenzakalelayo. Lokhu kusebenza nasezithombeni, amavidiyo, amaspredishithi, nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwefayela olunenhlangano ebhalisiwe.

Imiyalo ye-CMD ewusizo yokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke

Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinhlelo, i-Command Prompt (CMD) ikunikeza ukufinyelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinsiza nemiyalo ezokwenza impilo yakho ibe lula. Nazi ezinye zezinhlelo eziwusizo kakhulu okufanele uzazi:

• Usizo: Ibonisa uhlu lwemiyalo eyisisekelo kanye nencazelo emfushane yomyalo ngamunye.
• I-CD: Shintsha ifolda yokusebenza (isibonelo, cd ifolda ukufaka ifolda, cd .. ukubuyela emuva kufolda eyodwa).
• ngu: Ibonisa okuqukethwe kwefolda yamanje.
• kopisha, xkopisha, hambisa, susa: Baphatha amafayela: ukukopisha, ukuhambisa, noma ukususa.
• mkdir (md): Dala amafolda amasha.
• Ren: Qamba kabusha amafayela noma amafolda.
• i-attrib: Shintsha izimfanelo zefayela: ezifihliwe, ezifundwayo kuphela, njll.
• umsebenzi: Iqeda imisebenzi noma izinqubo ezisebenzayo.
• Vala shaqa: Vala noma qala kabusha ikhompuyutha yakho.
• i-ipconfig, i-ping, i-tracert, i-nslookup: Imiyalo yenethiwekhi eyisisekelo.
• sfc, chkdsk, dism: Amathuluzi okuxilonga nokulungisa uhlelo.

Amaqhinga nezinqamuleli zekhibhodi ze-CMD

Isixwayiso somyalo sihlanganisa izinqamuleli zekhibhodi ezizokusiza ukuthi usebenze ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezinye zezinqamuleli eziwusizo kakhulu yilezi:

• I-ESC: Susa umugqa wamanje.
• Imicibisholo yaphezulu/phansi: Uzulazula emlandweni wemiyalo owufakile kuleso sikhathi.
• U-Ctrl+C: Ikhansela umyalo noma inqubo esebenzayo.
• I-F7: Ivula iwindi elinomlando ophelele wemiyalo esetshenzisiwe.
• F1 kanye ne-F3: Zikusiza ukuthi ubhale kabusha imiyalo yangaphambilini ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele.
• ITHEBHU: Qedela ngokuzenzakalela amagama amafayela namafolda.
• U-Ctrl+V: Namathisela umbhalo okopishwe ebhodini lokunamathisela.

Khumbula ukuthi ungakopisha umbhalo kusuka efasiteleni le-CMD ngokuwukhetha bese ucindezela u-Enter, nokuthi unganamathisela noma yimuphi umyalo ngokuchofoza kwesokudla noma usebenzisa u-Ctrl+V. Lokhu kwenza ukusebenza nge-syntax eyinkimbinkimbi noma izindlela ezinde kube lula kakhulu.

Phatha izindlela kanye nezinhlu zemibhalo lapho usebenzisa izinhlelo

Ukuze uhlelo lusebenze ngokuthayipha igama lalo, indlela yalo kumele ifakwe ku -PATH variable yesistimu . Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka uzulazule uye kufolda efanele usebenzisa i-`cd` noma ucacise indlela ephelele yohlelo. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuphatha izindlela kanye neziguquguquko zemvelo kulo mthombo.

• Buka umzila wamanje: Bhala cd bese ushaya u-Enter.
• Shintsha ifolda: Usa igama lefolda ye-cd o cd .. i-retroceder.
• Vula enye idrayivu: Bhala amagama engoma alandelwe yikholoni, kanje: D: bese ushaya u-Enter.

Icebo elivamile ukuvula i-CMD ngqo kufolda yefayela ukuze ugweme ukuzulazula okuyinkimbinkimbi, kungaba kusuka ku-Windows Explorer noma ngomyalo wokuqala.

Ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwenziwa kohlelo: izikripthi ze-batch

Enye yamandla amakhulu esixwayiso somyalo yikhono layo lokudala izikripthi ze-batch (.bat noma .cmd) ezingaqukatha imiyalo eminingi eqhutshwa ngokulandelana. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo, uqalise izinhlelo eziningi ngokuchofoza okukodwa, noma uhlele izenzo eziphindaphindwayo.

Isibonelo sefayela le-.bat elilula lokuqalisa izinhlelo eziningi:

qala i-notepad.exe qala i-calc.exe qala "Ifolda Yami" explorer.exe C:\MyDocuments

Faka ikhodi engenhla kumhleli wombhalo, uyilondoloze ngesandiso se-.bat, bese uyiqhuba. I-Notepad, i-calculator, kanye ne-File Explorer kuzovula kufolda ecacisiwe. Ungathola nezinye izindlela esihlokweni sethu mayelana ne-scripting for [unclear - possibly "scripting for"].

Ungasebenzisa futhi ama-logic operator ukwenza imiyalo kuchungechunge ngokusekelwe kumphumela wangaphambilini:

• umyaloA & umyaloB - Yenza u-B ngemuva kuka-A.
• umyaloA && umyaloB – U-B usetshenziswa kuphela uma u-A ephumelela.
• umyaloA | umyaloB – B isetshenziswa kuphela uma u-A ehluleka.

Sebenzisa i-Python nezinye izinhlelo zolimi ezivela ku-CMD

Uma usebenza ngezilimi zokuhlela njenge-Python, ungasebenzisa i-command prompt (CMD) ukuze usebenzise ngokushesha izikripthi. Udinga nje ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhumushi wolimi ufakwe kahle nokuthi indlela yakhe iku-PATH yakho. Ungafunda kabanzi kumhlahlandlela wethu ku-[link to guide].

Ukuze usebenzise uhlelo lwePython, vele uthayiphe:

i-python my_program.py

Noma, uma unendlela enqamulelayo ethi "py":

i-py uhlelo_lwami.py

Ungavula futhi ikhonsoli kufolda yesikripthi bese uyiqhuba ngqo. Kwezinye izilimi (njengeJava, iRuby, njll.), i-logic iyafana: sebenzisa ikhonsoli nefayela elihambisanayo.

Awukwazi nje kuphela ukusebenzisa izikripthi, kodwa futhi ungahlanganisa futhi uqalise izinhlelo zokusebenza kusuka ku-CMD , okubalulekile kubathuthukisi kanye nabasebenzisi abathuthukile.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-CMD ne-PowerShell

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi umehluko uyini phakathi kwe-Command Prompt (CMD) yakudala kanye ne-PowerShell, njengoba zombili zingamathuluzi omugqa womyalo we-Windows. I-CMD inikeza isikhombimsebenzisi esiyisisekelo kanye nemiyalo yendabuko, kuyilapho i-PowerShell ithuthuke kakhulu , ivumela ukubhala okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukwenza imisebenzi yokuphatha ngokuzenzakalela, ukufinyelela ezintweni zesistimu, kanye nokusebenza okude. Ukuze ujule ngokujulile ngomehluko wazo, bheka isihloko sethu esizinikele ku-PowerShell.

Ezimweni eziningi zokusebenzisa izinhlelo nemisebenzi eyisisekelo , i-CMD yanele, yize i-PowerShell ingase ibe ngcono ezinhlelweni zesimanje, ukuhlanganiswa nezinsizakalo ze-Windows, kanye nezikripthi ezinamandla kakhulu.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamafayela: .py, .pyw kanye namanye amafomethi

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows luhlobanisa izandiso ezithile zamafayela nezinhlelo ezithile . Isibonelo, amafayela e-.py avame ukusebenza nge-python.exe, kuyilapho amafayela e-.pyw esebenza nge-pythonw.exe (ngaphandle kwefasitela lesiphetho). Lokhu kuyasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ufuna ukuqalisa kanjani izikripthi zakho nokuthi ifasitela lizoziphatha kanjani. Uma ufuna ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nokusebenzisa izikripthi ngamafomethi ahlukene, hlola isihloko sethu.

Le ndlela isebenza nakumadokhumenti e-Office, ama-PDF, izithombe, kanye nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwefayela: ngomyalo wokuqala kanye negama ledokhumenti, zizovuleka ngohlelo oluzenzakalelayo.

Sebenzisa izinhlelo ezinamalungelo okuphatha

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinhlelo njengomphathi . Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula i-Command Prompt njengomphathi (chofoza kwesokudla – Sebenzisa njengomphathi) bese uqalisa uhlelo ngendlela evamile. Lokhu kuzokunika amalungelo aphezulu okufaka, ukuguqula izilungiselelo, noma ukwenza izinguquko ezibalulekile ohlelweni.

Ungakha futhi izinqamuleli noma izikripthi ezihlala zisebenza ngamalungelo okuphatha, okuwusizo kakhulu uma udinga ukusebenza ngamathuluzi esistimu, ukufakwa, noma izikripthi zokulungisa. Imininingwane eyengeziwe esifundweni sethu ku-[isihloko esingekho].

Vula amathuluzi esistimu kusuka ku-CMD

I-Windows ivumela ukufinyelela kumaphaneli okulawula amaningi, izilungiselelo, namathuluzi esistimu kusuka ku-Command Prompt (CMD). Le miyalo iwusizo kakhulu ekwenzeni lula ukwesekwa, ukuphatha, noma imisebenzi yokucushwa ethuthukisiwe. Eminye ethandwa kakhulu yile:

• msconfig: Izinketho zokuqalisa kanye nezinsizakalo.
• msinfo32: Ulwazi oluningiliziwe lwesistimu.
• impendulo: Ukuqapha izinsiza.
• i-main.cpl: Izakhiwo zegundane.
• i-mstsc: Ideskithophu Ekude.
• regedit: Registry Editor.
• diskmgmt.msc: Ukuphathwa kwediski.
• eventvwr.msc: Isibukeli semicimbi.
• services.msc: Umphathi wesevisi.
• ukulawula: Iphaneli yokulawula yakudala.
• appwiz.cpl: Izinhlelo kanye nezimpawu.
• taskmgr: Umphathi Womsebenzi.
• ithuluzi lokusika: Ithuluzi lokusika.

Kufanele nje uthayiphe igama lomyalo bese ithuluzi elihambisanayo lizovuleka.

Imiyalo yenethiwekhi kanye nokuxilongwa okuvela ku-CMD

I-Command Prompt (CMD) ibalulekile ekuphatheni nasekuxilongeni amanethiwekhi . Le miyalo izokusiza ukuthi ubone izinkinga zokuxhumeka, uthole ulwazi mayelana nama-adapter, futhi uxazulule izinkinga:

• ipconfig: Ibonisa ulwazi lwe-IP, ukuvuselelwa kwekheli, isula i-DNS cache, njll.
• ping: Hlola isimo sokuxhumana namanye amakhompyutha noma amaseva.
• i-tracert: Landelela umzila othathwe ngamaphakheji ukuze ufike lapho uya khona.
• netstat: Izibalo kanye nokuxhumana okusebenzayo.
• nslookup: Buza amaseva e-DNS.
• i-getmac, i-arp: Thola amakheli angokoqobo bese uphatha i-cache ye-ARP.
• umzila, i-netsh: Buka futhi ushintshe amathebula okuqondisa, lungiselela amanethiwekhi athuthukile.
• igama lomethuleli: Ibonisa igama lomsingathi wamanje.

Ukuphatha abasebenzisi kanye nezinsiza ezabiwe ezivela ku-CMD

Nge-CMD ungadala , uguqule futhi ususe ama-akhawunti abasebenzisi , kanye nokuphatha ukuxhumana nezinsiza ezabiwe bese uzilawula ukude:

• umsebenzisi we-intanethi: Dala ama-akhawunti, shintsha amaphasiwedi, bese uvumela/khubaza abasebenzisi.
• ukusetshenziswa kwenetha: Xhuma noma nqamula amadrayivu enethiwekhi nezinye izinsiza ezabiwe.
• ukwabelana okune-intanethi: Phatha amafolda nezinsiza ezabiwe.
• Ukuhlanganisa ne ukubulala imisebenzi, uhlu lwemisebenzi, ukuvala, i-telnet kanti abanye, ungakwazi ukulawula imishini ekude ngempumelelo.

Lungisa, fometha, futhi ulondoloze uhlelo lwakho usebenzisa i-CMD

Umugqa womyalo unamathuluzi okulungisa nokulungisa angakusindisa ezimweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa eziqinile:

• chkdsk: Hlola futhi ulungise amaphutha kuma-hard drive.
• sfc: Thola futhi ubuyisele amafayela esistimu onakele.
• ukuduma: Phatha futhi ulungise izithombe zeWindows.
• ifomethi: Fometha amadrayivu kanye nama-partition.
• i-fc: Qhathanisa amafayela ukuze ubone umehluko.

Ukuze uzisebenzise, ​​uvame ukudinga ukuvula i-CMD njengomphathi futhi uqaphele, njengoba ungalushintsha uhlelo ngendlela engenakuguqulwa.

Uhlu oluphelele lwemiyalo ewusizo ku-CMD

I-Windows Command Prompt (CMD) inohlu olungenamkhawulo lwemiyalo, yangaphakathi neyangaphandle, ehlanganisa zonke izidingo ezingacatshangwa. Nasi isifinyezo semiyalo ebaluleke kakhulu (ungakhohlwa ukuthi ungabheka usizo lomyalo ngamunye nge -command_name /? ):

• faka, hlanganisa, ku-, faka, phula, i-cd, i-chkdsk, ama-cls, umbala, ikhophi, usuku, i-del, i-dir, i-echo, phuma, thola, ifomethi, usizo, ilebula, i-md, i-mem, i-mkdir, hambisa, indlela, misa isikhashana, phrinta, i-rd, ren, shintsha, i-rmdir, setha, ukuvala, hlela, qala, isikhathi, isihlahla, uhlobo, i-xcopy, njll.
• Imiyalo yokubhala: shayela, uma, iya, setha, shintsha...
• Amathuluzi enethiwekhi kanye nokuphepha: arp, ftp, net, nbtstat, netstat, ping, tracert, umzila, telnet, nslookup, netsh...
• Ukuphatha okuthuthukile: i-diskpart, i-reg, i-sc, izinsizakalo.msc, i-gpedit.msc, i-regedit, i-devmgmt.msc, i-msinfo32, i-msconfig...

I-CMD kanye nokuqaliswa kohlelo ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zesimanje

Ngezinguqulo ezintsha ze-Windows nama-processor (x86, amd64, arm, arm64), umyalo othi `start` usekela amapharamitha afana ne -affinity kanye ne -NUMA node ukulawula ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zama-processor noma ama-cores ezisebenza kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhetha ukubaluleka kwenqubo ngezinketho ezifana ne -`/low`, `/normal`, `/high`, `/realtime` , njll.

Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zobungcweti noma ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa kungakunikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe uma ufuna ukuzama izindawo ezisebenza nge-virtualized, amaseva, kanye nemisebenzi enzima.

Amathiphu athuthukisiwe: kopisha, unamathisele, futhi uphathe i-CMD njengochwepheshe

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umyalo we-Windows uye wathuthuka, futhi manje usungakwazi ukukopisha nokunamathisela kalula . Ungakwazi ngisho nokubuyisa imiyalo emidala usebenzisa izinqamuleli noma ukhiye womcibisholo obheke phezulu. Isici sokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela kwe-Tab sibalulekile ekugwemeni amaphutha okubhala nokusebenza ngokushesha phakathi kwamafayela amaningi kanye nezinhlu zemibhalo. Uma ufuna ukungena ngokujulile ekwenzeni ngokwezifiso, hlola isifundo sethu ku-[topic missing].

Uma ufuna ukuya phambili, ungenza ngokwezifiso ukubukeka kwe-CMD, ulungise usayizi wefonti, imibala, umlando wemiyalo nokunye okuningi ngokufinyelela izici zewindi (chofoza kwesokudla kubha yesihloko - Izakhiwo).

Izinzuzo zokufunda ukuphatha i-CMD

Ukwazi i-CMD akusizi nje kuphela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, kodwa futhi kukunikeza ithuba lokuncintisana lapho usebenza, wenza ukulungisa, noma uxazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe. Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Ubuhle: Ukwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo kushesha kakhulu.
• Ezenzakalelayo: Ungakha izikripthi bese uhlela uhlelo lwakho.
• Ukusebenza kahle: Isebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa kune-interface yesithombe.
• Amandla: Uthola ukufinyelela ezicini ezifihliwe futhi ungaxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Amaphutha avamile nokuthi ungawagwema kanjani lapho usebenzisa izinhlelo ezivela ku-CMD

Nakuba i-CMD kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kuneziphambeko ezithile ezivamile ongagwema kalula :

• Amaphutha okubhala: Qiniseka ukuthi upela igama lefayela kanye nesandiso ngendlela efanele.
• Indawo engalungile: Qinisekisa ukuthi usefolda efanele noma ucacise indlela ephelele.
• Izimvume: Ngezenzo ezithile, vula i-CMD njengomlawuli.
• Izandiso kanye nokubambisana: Hlola ukuthi ifayela linesandiso esifanele futhi lihlotshaniswa nohlelo olufunwayo.
• Ukudideka kwamagama: Uma kunezikhala endleleni, sebenzisa izingcaphuno eziphindwe kabili.

Indlela yokwenza ngokwezifiso nokuthola okuningi ku-CMD

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza ngokwezifiso iwindi le-Command Prompt ukuze livumelane nezintandokazi zakho. Kusukela ekushintsheni imibala, amafonti, nosayizi wewindi kuya ekulungiseni umlando nezinqamuleli, mane uchofoze kwesokudla kubha ephezulu yewindi bese ukhetha "Izakhiwo." Ukusuka lapho, ungalungisa konke ngendlela oyithandayo.

Khumbula ukuthi kunezinye izindlela kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-CMD, njenge-Windows Terminal, ehlanganisa i-CMD, i-PowerShell, namanye ama-consoles endaweni eyodwa, ngokusekelwa kwamathebhu kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso okuthuthukisiwe.

Izibonelo ezisebenzayo: amacala okusetshenziswa kwe-CMD emhlabeni wangempela

Ufuna ukubona ukuthi kuwusizo kangakanani ukufunda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani izinhlelo kusukela ku-command prompt? Lapha ungahlola izibonelo ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayo kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa, njengokusebenzisa izikripthi ezenzakalelayo, okuzokunikeza ukulawula okuphelele ohlelweni lwakho. Futhi, uma ungathanda ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nokwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalela, hlola isihloko sethu ku-[topic missing].

• Ukufakwa kohlelo oluthule: Abafaki abaningi basekela izimpikiswano zokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kokusebenzisana (isibonelo, setup.exe /thula), ilungele ukusetshenziswa okukhulu.
• Ukuqalisa izikripthi zokulungisa: Sebenzisa izikripthi ukuze uhlanze amafayela esikhashana, ubuyekeze uhlelo, noma wenze ukuhlola okuvamile.
• Ukukhipha Ngokushesha: Usar appwiz.cpl ukufinyelela ngqo iphaneli yezinhlelo nokususa isofthiwe engadingekile.
• Ukuxilongwa Kwenethiwekhi: Hlola uxhumano, ulandelele imizila, bese uthola ikheli le-IP ngemiyalo embalwa nje.
• Ukwenza Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni: Dala izikripthi ezikopisha wonke amafolda kuma-drive angaphandle ngendlela ehleliwe.

I-CMD kanye nokuphepha: izindlela ezinhle kakhulu

Ukusebenzisa i-Command Prompt (CMD) kuhilela nokunaka ukuphepha . Kunconywa ukuthi ubheke izinsiza ezithembekile futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa imiyalo engaziwa engafaka engcupheni ukuphepha kohlelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, sincoma ukuthi ubukeze umhlahlandlela wethu ku-[isihloko esingekho].

• Gwema ukusebenzisa imiyalo eyingozi noma engaziwa.
• Ungavuli i-CMD njengomlawuli ngaphandle uma kunesidingo.
• Yenza ikhophi yokusekelayo ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezibalulekile.
• Sebenzisa izikripthi ezithembekile bese ubuyekeza okuqukethwe ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa.

I-CMD vs. ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa izinhlelo: izinqamuleli, Qalisa, nokuningi

Ngaphezu kwesiqondiso somyalo, iWindows inikeza ezinye izindlela zokuvula izinhlelo ngokushesha:

• Sebenzisa ibhokisi lengxoxo (Windows + R): Faka igama lohlelo, ifayela, noma umyalo.
• Izinqamuleli zekhibhodi ngokwezifiso: Ungakha izinqamuleli kudeskithophu bese uzinika izinhlanganisela zezihluthulelo.
• Kusuka ku-File Explorer: Chofoza kabili ifayela noma sebenzisa imenyu yokuqukethwe ukuze "Vula nge".
• Ama-taskbar namamenyu asheshayo: Setha imibukiso yakho oyithandayo ukuze ihlale iseduze.

Ukuxazulula amaphutha avamile lapho kuvulwa izinhlelo ezivela ku-CMD

Uma uhlangabezana nemiyalezo yamaphutha efana nokuthi "ayibonwa njengomyalo wangaphakathi noma wangaphandle ," ngokuvamile kungenxa yezindlela ezingalungile, i-executable engekho ku-PATH, noma isandiso esingekho. Hlola kabili i-syntax, indawo, kanye nezimvume ngaphambi kokuzama futhi.

Uma kukhulunywa ngezikripthi, qiniseka ukuthi ufake umhumushi ofanele nokuthi iskripthi siyahambisana nenguqulo yesistimu yakho. Funda kabanzi kulesi sifundo esithuthukisiwe.

Izinsizakusebenza ezithuthukisiwe nemiyalo yabasebenzisi abanolwazi

Uma ufuna ukuya phambili, i-CMD ivula ithuba lokukhetha izinketho ezifana nalezi:

• Ukusebenzisa iziguquguquko zemvelo: Chaza iziguquguquko ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zemizila noma ukucushwa.
• Imiyalo yokuqondisa kabusha kanye nokufaka amapayipi: Iqondisa kabusha umphumela womyalo kumafayela, ukusetshenziswa | (ipayipi) ukuhlanganisa imiyalo.
• Ukuzenzakalelayo kokufakwa nokufakwa: Izikripthi eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphatha imishini eminingi.
• Ukuphathwa kwenqubo: Shintsha ukubaluleka, ukuzwelana, kanye nezinqubo eziqhutshwayo ezimweni ezithile.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokusebenzisa izinhlelo ku-CMD

• Ngingakwazi yini ukusebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlelo oluvela ku-CMD? Yebo, uma nje unendlela eya ku-executable noma iku-PATH yesistimu.
• Ingabe kuphephile ukuvula amathuluzi esistimu nge-CMD? Yebo, uma nje wazi ukuthi wenzani futhi ungashintshi izilungiselelo ezibalulekile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ingabe imisebenzi ingenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-CMD? Vele, ngamafayela noma izikripthi ze-.bat ezinemiyalo eminingi, ungahlela futhi wenze ngezifiso noma yimuphi umsebenzi.
• Ngiziqhuba kanjani izinhlelo ezinezikhala endleleni? Sebenzisa izingcaphuno eziphindwe kabili kuyo yonke indlela:

  "C:\Amafayela Ohlelo\igama\executable.exe"

Hlola imiyalo yesikhathi esizayo: funda futhi uzame

Ukwazi kahle i-Command Prompt (CMD) akusizi nje kuphela ekusebenziseni izinhlelo; kuvula umhlaba wamathuba okuphatha uhlelo, ukuzenzakalela, kanye nokwenza ngezifiso. Zijwayeze ngemiyalo evame kakhulu bese ungena kancane kancane ezikripthini ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uzobona ukukhiqiza kwakho kanye nokulawula kwakho i-Windows kuphindaphindeka.

Kuwo wonke lohambo, sihlole izindlela eziyisisekelo nezithuthukisiwe zokusebenzisa izinhlelo kusukela ku-Command Prompt (CMD) , izindlela ezinhle zokusebenza ngezindlela, izinqamuleli zokonga isikhathi, izixazululo zamaphutha avamile, kanye nokukhethwa kwamathuluzi okukusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha ye-Windows. Ngokujwayelana okuncane, uzomangala ngalokho ongakufeza kusuka efasiteleni lomyalo elilula. Amandla kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-Command Prompt kufinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu!