- Umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-hydraulic, electro-hydraulic kanye ne-electric power steering (EPS).
- Ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kokuqondisa kwamandla kagesi kusetshenziswa izinzwa zesikhundla, amayunithi okulawula kanye nama-motor wamanje aqondile.
- Izinzuzo zokuncintisana zosizo lwe-electromechanical ekusebenziseni uphethiloli, ukuphepha okusebenzayo kanye nenduduzo yokushayela.
- Ukubaluleka kokuxilongwa okukhethekile kwe-elekthronikhi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezikena ukuze kulinganiswe amaphuzu angenalutho.
Uma ngibheka emuva, ukushayela imoto kwakuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Esikhathini esidlule, izimoto zazenziwa ngaphandle kosizo lokuqondisa, okwenza ukushayela kube nzima kakhulu , ikakhulukazi lapho upaka noma ushayela ngesivinini esiphansi. Lobu bunzima abuzange buthinte nje induduzo kodwa futhi bungaba yingozi ezimweni ezibucayi ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokusabela komshayeli.
Ngenhlanhla, ngokuqala kwekhulu leminyaka, ubuchwepheshe buthathe inqubekela phambili. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezifana neToyota kanye neningi labakhiqizi bahlanganisa izinhlelo zokusiza abashayeli njengemishini ejwayelekile yokwenza ukuqondisa kube bushelelezi futhi kube ngokwemvelo , okuvumela umshayeli ukuthi agxile emgwaqweni hhayi emzamweni ongokomzimba odingekayo ukuze ahambise imoto.
Iyini injongo yangempela yokuqondisa ngamandla?
Ngokuyisisekelo, le ndlela yokushayela isivimbela ekusebenziseni amandla amaningi lapho sijika isiteringi. Kodwa akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi siduduzeke; ukuphepha kudlala indima ebalulekile, njengoba kunikeza ubudlelwano obungcono phakathi kokuhamba kwesiteringi kanye nokusabela kwemoto , okuvumela ukugwema izithiyo ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthonya irediyasi yokujika, njengoba isiteringi esilula senza kube lula ukujika ezindaweni ezixineneyo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlobo ezintathu zezinhlelo zokusiza
Akuzona zonke izinhlelo zokuqondisa amandla ezifanayo. Kuye ngenkathi yemoto kanye nobubanzi bemodeli, sizothola izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Ukuqondisa kwe-Hydraulic: Luhlelo oludumile kakhulu. Lusebenzisa iphampu exhunywe enjinini ngebhande eliphoqa uwoyela ukuthi udlule emapayipini uye erekhini. Nakuba luqinile kakhulu futhi lunikeza umuzwa wemvelo kakhulu, lunezinkinga zokuthi Iphampu idla amandla njalo.noma ngabe sihamba ngendlela eqondile, okwandisa kancane ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
- Ukuqondisa Amandla Kagesi: Kuyindawo ephakathi nendawo. Isasebenzisa uketshezi lwe-hydraulic ukuhambisa amasondo, kodwa ipompo ayisanciki enjinini, kodwa incike enjinini kagesi eqhutshwa yibhethri. Lokhu kwenza uhlelo lube esebenza kahle futhi ethulefuthi kugwenywa izinkinga zemishini ezivela emabhandeni enkonzo.
- Ukuqondisa Amandla Kagesi (i-EPS): Kuwubuchwepheshe besimanje. Akukho uwoyela noma amaphampu; konke kuphathwa yinjini kagesi etholakala kukholamu yokuqondisa. Isebenza kuphela uma kudingeka kakhulu, okuholela ukonga okukhulu kukaphethiloli kanye nesisindo esiphansi kakhulu semoto.
Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kohlelo lwe-EPS (Electric Power Steering)
Ukuqondisa amandla kagesi empeleni kuyindlela ehlakaniphile ehlanganisa ikhompyutha, izinzwa, kanye nenjini kagesi. Ukuze konke kusebenze kahle, uhlelo lusebenzisa izinzwa zokuqondisa ezibona indawo yesiteringi kanye nesivinini semoto, zithumela lolu lwazi kuyunithi yokulawula kagesi (ubuchopho besistimu).
Le module ilawula injini yamandla aqondile, ngokuvamile engenamabhulashi, esebenzisa amandla adingekayo kukholamu yokuqondisa. Kuye ngokuthi ukujikeleza kuqondiswa kanjani, iyunithi yokulawula iguqula i-polarity isebenzisa ama-transistors anamandla, futhi ingaphatha amaza afinyelela kuma-amps angu-80 ngokuya ngesidingo sosizo lwesikhathi sangempela.
Ubuchwepheshe be-electromechanical kanye nokuphepha okusebenzayo
Izinhlelo zesimanje kakhulu ziyashesha kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma ushayela emgwaqweni omkhulu, isiteringi siyaqina kancane ukuvimbela ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, kanti lapho upaka kuba lula kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa nebhasi ledatha le-CAN kwenza imisebenzi ethuthukisiwe efana nesiteringi esisebenzayo sibuyele esimeni esiphakathi kanye nesinxephezelo samandla aseceleni emimoyeni enamandla noma ekuthambekeni.
Leli zinga lokulawula ngogesi yilona elenza izinhlelo ze-ADAS kanye nokupaka okuzenzakalelayo kube nokwenzeka , njengoba ikhompyutha ingahambisa amasondo ngaphandle kokuthi umshayeli angenelele ngqo esiteringini.
Ukuxilongwa kanye namaphutha angenzeka ekuqondiseni kwamandla kagesi
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-elekthronikhi, i-EPS ingasebenza kabi. Uma ikhompyutha ibona ukungafani phakathi kwendawo yangempela yesiteringi kanye nokufundwa kwenzwa, isibani sesixwayiso sizokhanya kudeshibhodi bese isiteringi sizoshintshela kwimodi yokwenziwa ngesandla . Kulesi simo, isiteringi siba siqinile kakhulu, yize imoto ihlala ikwazi ukuqondiswa.
Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, umakhenika akakwazi ukubheka nje kuphela omakhenika; badinga amathuluzi akhethekile. Ukusebenzisa isikena sezimoto kubalulekile ekususeni amakhodi amaphutha noma ekwenzeni inqubo yokulungisa amasondo. Ngemva kokulungisa amasondo, kubalulekile ukuhlela ngogesi "iphuzu elingu-zero" ukuze imoto yazi ukuthi isiteringi siqondile.
Ekuxilongweni okulungile, uchwepheshe uzoqinisekisa ukuthi, uma amasondo egxile phakathi, iskena sifunda amadigri angu-0. Uma siphendulelwe phezulu, amanani kufanele afinyelele cishe phakathi kwamadigri angu--520 no-520 , kuye ngemodeli yemoto.
Ukuvela kwezinhlelo zemishini eziyisisekelo kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwe-EPS kuguqule ukushayela kwaba yinto ephephile nephumelelayo. Ngenkathi ama-hydraulic ebeka phambili impendulo ethintekayo, izinhlelo zikagesi zigxila ebunganini bemvelo, ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokusiza abashayeli, okudinga ukulungiswa okusekelwe kuma-elekthronikhi kanye nohlelo oluqondile lwezingxenye.