- Ukulingana kwedijithali akudingi nje kuphela ukufinyelela kwi-inthanethi, kodwa futhi namadivayisi angabizi kanye namakhono okuwasebenzisa ngokuzimela.
- Ukungalingani kwedijithali kubonakalisa futhi kukhulisa izikhala zangaphambilini ngobulili, indawo, imali engenayo, ubudala, ubuzwe, kanye nokukhubazeka.
- Ukuxhumana okuklanywe kahle kuletha izibonelo ze-STEM kanye nokuqeqeshwa eduze kwamantombazane nabesifazane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
- Izinhlelo zomphakathi nezangasese zengqalasizinda, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokufinyeleleka ziyisihluthulelo sobuchwepheshe ukuze kutholakale ukulingana kwangempela.
Lapho uzalelwa khona, indawo okhulele kuyo, noma ukuthi ikhaya lakho lisedolobheni elikhulu noma edolobheni elincane kuye kwanquma ngokomlando ukuthi ungahamba ibanga elingakanani ngokwemfundo, umsebenzi, kanye nokubamba iqhaza emphakathini . Imali etholakala emndenini wakho, izinga lemfundo lendawo okuyo, kanye nokufinyelela kubantu abayizibonelo zobungcweti abaseduze nakho kuthonye kakhulu amathuba akho angempela.
Uma sibheka emuva emashumini ambalwa eminyaka, enhliziyweni yekhulu lama-20, cishe noma ubani ubengaphendula ngokuthi "yebo, ngaphandle kokungabaza" emibuzweni efana nokuthi imvelaphi yomphakathi, indawo, noma ubulili yikho okunquma amathuba . Futhi njengoba siqhubeka phambili esikhathini, leso sitatimende siba siqine nakakhulu. Namuhla, isimo siyashintsha ngenxa yokuxhumana kwedijithali, kodwa ushintsho aluzenzakalelayo futhi alulingani: kuncike ku-inthanethi, amadivayisi, namakhono edijithali afinyelela wonke umuntu, hhayi nje labo asebevele benethuba.
Ukuxhumana, indawo kanye namathuba: kusukela ezweni lasemakhaya kuya edolobheni
Emashumini eminyaka, ukukhulela edolobheni elikhulu kwakusho izikole eziningi, amanyuvesi amaningi, izikole eziningi, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, izibonelo zobungcweti ezengeziwe eziseduze . Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukukhulela ezindaweni zasemakhaya kwakusho amathuba ambalwa emfundo, amabanga amade okufinyelela ezikoleni zamabanga aphezulu noma emakolishi, kanye nokuvezwa okuncane emisebenzini yesayensi noma yezobuchwepheshe.
Endabeni yabesifazane kanye nemisebenzi ye-STEM (isayensi, ubuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela, kanye nezibalo), ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwasemakhaya kube kabili: ukuhlala kude nezindawo ezinkulu zasemadolobheni nokubhekana nemibono ejulile yobulili . Ukuncipha kwezibonelo zabesifazane, othisha abangochwepheshe abambalwa, kanye nezindawo ezimbalwa lapho isayensi nobuchwepheshe kungabonakala khona ekusebenzeni kwakusho ukuthi amantombazane ambalwa azicabanga njengonjiniyela, abahleli bezinhlelo, noma abacwaningi.
Ukwanda kwamanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana kanye nengqalasizinda yedijithali sekuqalile ukuqeda lesi sithiyo. Ukuxhumana kuvumela ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe kokuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe, ama-workshop aku-inthanethi, amakilabhu e-robotics, kanye nokwelulekwa ngesikrini , ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlala enkabeni yedolobha elikhulu noma ukuba nesikhungo esihamba phambili eduze.
ESpain, izibalo zokuxhumeka ziphezulu: imindeni engaphezu kuka-97% inokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi, kanti cishe u-96% unesivinini se-broadband okungenani esingu-100 Mbps, ngokusho kwe-ONTSI . Lokhu akukhona nje kuphela ukukwazi ukusebenza kude, ukusakaza ama-movie, noma ukuthenga ku-inthanethi usuka noma kuphi emhlabeni; ukubambezeleka kanye nekhwalithi yokuxhumeka nakho kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kusho ukuthi umnyango omkhulu uvulekela amathuba amasha emfundo, ochwepheshe, kanye namasiko.
Ngokuchofoza okukodwa, kuvela amapulatifomu ezemfundo aku-inthanethi , amalebhu abonakalayo, amakhampasi edijithali, ama-hackathon, ukufundisa ibanga, kanye nemiphakathi yokufunda . Ngekhompyutha kanye nokuxhumeka okuhle kwe-inthanethi, intsha evela edolobhaneni elincane ingafunda ukuhlela izinhlelo, ihlanganyele ezinseleleni zamazwe ngamazwe, noma iye ezingxoxweni nososayensi abaphambili kalula njengentombazane evela endaweni ephakathi eMadrid noma eBarcelona.
Ukulingana kwedijithali: okungaphezu kakhulu kwe-inthanethi yasekhaya
Ukulingana kwedijithali kudlula nje ukuba nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi. Kusho ukuthi wonke umuntu kanye nomphakathi wonke unezinsiza zobuchwepheshe, zemfundo, kanye nezomnotho ezidingekayo ukuze uhlanganyele ngokugcwele emphakathini, emnothweni, kanye nempilo yentando yeningi . Akukhona nje i-router kanye nedivayisi: kufaka phakathi amakhono okusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ngempumelelo nangokuphephile, kanye nethuba langempela lokuzuza kukho.
Ngokusho kwencazelo ethandwa yi-National Digital Inclusion Alliance, ukulingana kwedijithali kuyisimo esiyisisekelo sokufinyelela imfundo eqhubekayo, amathuba emisebenzi, izinsizakalo zezempilo eziku-inthanethi, ukubamba iqhaza komphakathi namasiko, kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi zedijithali . Uma kwehluleka, labo ababesevele beswele babuyela emuva kakhulu.
Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu emhlabeni zixhunyiwe, kodwa abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.700 basentula ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabathathu akanakukwazi ukusizakala ngamandla e-inthanethi kwezomnotho, ezemfundo, ezenhlalo, ezepolitiki, noma ezempilo. Ukwehlukana kwedijithali kubonakalisa futhi kukhulisa ukungalingani okwakukhona ngaphambili emalini engenayo, ubulili, ubudala, uhlanga, kanye nendawo yokuhlala.
Uma ukulingana kwedijithali kuntuleka, ukufinyelela kolwazi, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nomsebenzi kugxila ezandleni zalabo asebevele benezinsizakusebenza. Lokhu kuqinisa umjikelezo wokungalungi okunciphisa ukuhamba komphakathi, kwandise igebe phakathi kwezindawo, izifunda, kanye namazwe, futhi kuqinisa ukukhishwa kwemiphakathi ethile kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi umphakathi wolwazi.
Izimbangela zokungalingani kwedijithali: imali, indawo, ubulili nokunye okuningi
Ukwehlukana kwedijithali akunambangela eyodwa. Izici ezahlukahlukene zenhlalo, ezomnotho, zamasiko nezomuntu siqu ziyahlangana futhi ziyaqina, okudala izingqimba eziyinkimbinkimbi zokungalingani . Ucwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinhlangano ezifana neZizwe Ezihlangene kanye ne-International Telecommunication Union zikhomba ezinye izinto ezibalulekile.
Okokuqala, kukhona izinga lemali engenayo. Imali engenayo ephezulu yemindeni isho amathuba amakhulu okufinyelela kumadivayisi akamuva, ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo, kanye nezinsizakalo zedijithali ezisezingeni eliphezulu . Emindenini enezinsiza ezimbalwa, izindleko zohlelo lwe-broadband noma i-laptop zingaba yisithiyo esingenakunqotshwa, kokubili ngaphakathi naphakathi kwamazwe.
Indawo ingenye into ebalulekile. Abantu abahlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ngokwesilinganiso, banokufinyelela okungcono kakhulu engqalasizinda yezokuxhumana kunalabo abahlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni . Emhlabeni jikelele, ngo-2022, ama-82% abantu basemadolobheni basebenzisa i-inthanethi, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti aphansi kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ukuntuleka kwengqalasizinda kukhuphula amanani, kunciphisa ikhwalithi yesevisi, futhi kwenza amaphrojekthi amaningi emfundo noma ebhizinisi angabi namandla.
Isimo somsebenzi naso sidlala indima. Labo abanemisebenzi bavame ukufinyelela kakhulu imishini, amanethiwekhi ezinkampani kanye nama-intranet , kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamakhono edijithali , kuyilapho labo abangasebenzi noma labo abasemisebenzini eyingozi bebhekene nezingqinamba ezengeziwe. Lokhu kungahleleki kwedijithali ekugcineni kuthinta ikhono labo lokufuna umsebenzi, ukuvuselela ama-CV abo, noma ukusizakala ngamathuba okusebenza kude.
Ubudala budlala enye indima ebalulekile. Phakathi kwabantu abadala, amazinga okuxhumana ne-inthanethi aphansi kakhulu, futhi ulwazi lwedijithali luvame ukungathuthuki . Kukhona abantu abadala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni abangenayo ngisho nokufinyelela i-inthanethi emakhaya futhi abadinga ukwesekwa okuqondile ukuphatha izinqubo ze-inthanethi, izinsizakalo zasebhange, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo. Yingakho amaphrojekthi afana ne-"Joining Forces," axhaswe yi-Internet Society, ahlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwedijithali kwabantu abadala nababaleki, okuletha ubuchwepheshe kulabo ababudinga kakhulu.
Yiqiniso, ubulili buyaqhubeka nokwenza umehluko. Ngokwesilinganiso, abesifazane basebenzisa i-inthanethi kancane kunabesilisa, futhi igebe lobulili bedijithali likhula kakhulu emazweni angakathuthuki , lapho amathuba okuba ku-inthanethi angaba ngaphansi ngo-52% kowesifazane. Lokhu kuntuleka kokufinyelela kunemiphumela kuzo zonke izindawo: umsebenzi, imfundo, ibhizinisi, kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwezepolitiki.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazinga emfundo athonya kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono edijithali. Emazweni angaba ngu-40% anedatha etholakalayo, ngaphansi kuka-40% wabantu babika ukuthi bayakwazi ukwenza ngisho nomsebenzi oyisisekelo wedijithali , njengokuthumela i-imeyili ene-attachment noma ukusebenzisa i-word processor. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-SCILLS Grants ye-Internet Society Foundation zizama ukubhekana nalesi sikhala ngokusekela amaphrojekthi athuthukisa amakhono edijithali ukukhuthaza ukubandakanywa komnotho kanye namathuba emfundo.
Asikwazi ukukhohlwa uhlanga nobuzwe. Ezimweni eziningi, imiphakathi ehlukunyezwe ngokobuhlanga noma yabantu abancane inokufinyelela okuncane kumadivayisi, ukuxhumana, kanye nokuqukethwe okufanele ngolimi lwayo noma okuvumelaniswe ngokoqobo lwayo . Ngisho noma imali engenayo kanye nemfundo kucatshangelwa, izikhala ekusetshenzisweni kwe-inthanethi kanye nokuzibandakanya ziyaqhubeka. Lokhu kwandiswa ukwahlukana kwezomnotho kanye nobuchwepheshe phakathi kweNyakatho Yomhlaba kanye neNingizimu Yomhlaba, okwandisa ukungalingani komlando.
Ulimi luphinde lusebenze njengesihlungi. Ingxenye enkulu yokuqukethwe kwedijithali kanye nezixhumi ezisetshenziswayo zigxile enanini elilinganiselwe lezilimi, okuphazamisa ulwazi oluku-inthanethi lwezigidi zabantu abangebona abakhuluma isiNgisi . Imizamo yezinhlangano ezifana ne-Pollicy ibonise ukuthi izithiyo zolimi zithinta kanjani ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokuphepha kulabo abangasazi kahle isiNgisi.
Okokugcina, ukukhubazeka kwenezela olunye ungqimba lobunzima. Lapho amapulatifomu, izinhlelo zokusebenza, namawebhusayithi ehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokufinyeleleka, abantu abakhubazekile ngokubona, ngokuzwa, engqondweni, noma ngokwezinzwa zomzimba bakhishwa ngokuqondile noma bathembele kwabanye ngemisebenzi eyisisekelo . Ukuntuleka komklamo ohlanganisa wonke umuntu kuguqula lokho okungaba ithuluzi lokuzimela kube umthombo omusha wokuthembela.
Ukuhlukana kwedijithali: obani abashiywe ngaphandle nokuthi yini elahlekile
Kusukela maphakathi nawo-90, igama elithi "ukwehlukaniswa kwedijithali" lisetshenziswe ukuchaza igebe phakathi kwalabo abangafinyelela futhi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana ngempumelelo nalabo abangakwazi . IZizwe Ezihlangene zigcizelela ukuthi ukuba nedivayisi noma uxhumano lwe-inthanethi lwesikhashana akwanele: ukufinyelela okuzinzile, okungabizi, okusimeme, nokubandakanya wonke umuntu kuyadingeka, kanye namakhono ayisisekelo edijithali.
Ngaphandle kokuxhumana okwanele, abantu bakhishwa ohlelweni lwemfundo eminingi eku-inthanethi, ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, izinsizakalo zikahulumeni zedijithali, kanye nokubamba iqhaza komphakathi . Kufana nokuhlala endaweni engenamigwaqo noma ezokuthutha zomphakathi: lonke idolobha liyahamba, kodwa ubambekile.
Imiphakathi ethinteke kakhulu yilolu qhekeko ihambisana kakhulu namaqembu asevele ehlushwa ezinye izinhlobo zokungalingani. Abesifazane namantombazane, izingane nentsha ezimweni ezisengozini, abantu abadala, abampofu basemakhaya, imiphakathi yabantu abancane noma abomdabu, abantu abakhubazekile, ababaleki, kanye nabafuduki bavela kaningi emibikweni ye-UN njengamaqembu asengozini enkulu yokukhishwa inyumbazane ngedijithali.
Imiphumela ibonakala ngezindlela eziningana. Umehluko wezemfundo phakathi kwezikole ezixhumene nezikole ezingenazo izinsiza zedijithali uyaqiniswa , izinketho zokuthola umsebenzi osezingeni eliphezulu ziyancishiswa, futhi ukufinyelela kolwazi lwezempilo oluthembekile noma izinqubo ezibalulekile njengokufaka isicelo sosizo lomphakathi noma ukuvuselela amadokhumenti kuba nzima kakhulu.
Ngokwezomnotho, ukulahlekelwa kukhulu kakhulu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-Alliance for Affordable Internet lulinganisela ukuthi amazwe alahlekelwe cishe yi-trillion dollars ku-GDP ngenxa yokukhishwa kwabesifazane ezweni ledijithali . Ukwehluleka ukufaka ingxenye yabantu kumanethiwekhi ezobuchwepheshe akugcini nje ngokungabi nabulungisa; kuyiphutha lentuthuko yamasu.
Abesifazane, i-STEM kanye nezibonelo: ukubaluleka kokubona umuntu onjengawe
Emikhakheni yesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukungalingani ngokobulili kusobala kakhulu. I-UNESCO ilinganisela ukuthi abesifazane bamele cishe ama-35% abafundi abaphothule izifundo ze-STEM emhlabeni wonke , okuyisilinganiso esifana nalesi esiqoshwe yi-Eurostat e-European Union. Naphezu kwemizamo eminingi, ukuba khona kwabo kusalokhu kuyingcosana.
Ngaphezu kwezithiyo zezinto ezibonakalayo, imibono engajwayelekile kanye nokuxhumana nabantu ngokobulili kuyabandakanyeka. Njengoba bekhula, amantombazane amaningi alahlekelwa isithakazelo emikhakheni yesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ngokwengxenye ngoba abaziboni kulezo zindima . Ukuntuleka kwezibonelo, umqondo wokuthi "lokho kungokwabafana," noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzethemba emakhonweni abo kubenza balahle lezi zinketho ngokushesha kakhulu.
Umlando wesayensi nawo awuzange ukwenze kube lula. Abacwaningi abaningi besifazane kanye nochwepheshe baye benza iminikelo yabo yabonakala noma yabekwa eceleni ngenxa nje yokuba ngabesifazane . Lokhu kusulwa okungokomfanekiso kukhuthaza umbono wokuthi intuthuko enkulu kwezobuchwepheshe cishe njalo iwumsebenzi wamadoda.
Kodwa-ke, kunezibonelo eziningi eziphikisa le nganekwane. UHedy Lamarr, umlingisi odumile waseHollywood, wasungula uhlelo lokushintshashintsha imvamisa olwabeka isisekelo sobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Wi-Fi ne-Bluetooth . URadia Joy Perlman wasungula i-Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwamakhompyutha kumanethiwekhi endawo kanye nensika eyisisekelo yokusebenza kwe-inthanethi njengoba siyazi.
UMary Kenneth Keller, indelakazi kanye nephayona lamakhompyutha e-United States, wayengowesifazane wokuqala ukuthola iziqu zobudokotela kwisayensi yamakhompyutha kulelo zwe futhi wathuthukisa ulimi lokuhlela lwe-BASIC , enikela umsebenzi wakhe ekukhuthazeni ukusetshenziswa kwamakhompyutha kwezemfundo. U-Ada Lovelace, yena, wasungula i-algorithm yokuqala eyayihloselwe ukucutshungulwa ngumshini ngekhulu le-19, yingakho ebhekwa njengomhleli wokuqala emlandweni.
Ukubuyisa nokukhuthaza laba bantu kubalulekile, kodwa kunjalo nangokunikeza amantombazane izibonelo zamanje, ezahlukahlukene, nezihlobene ngokwesizinda senhlalo, ubuzwe, isiko, noma indlela yokukhuluma . Ukubona unjiniyela onesizinda sakhe, idolobha, noma indawo yakhe kunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu kunanoma yimuphi umkhankaso ojwayelekile.
Amapulatifomu namaphrojekthi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukudala ukulingana
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwavela izinhlelo ezisebenzisa ukuxhumana ukuze kuncishiswe igebe phakathi kwezibonelo kanye nokufinyelela. I-Inspiring Girls International, isibonelo, idale i-Video Hub esebenza njengesikhulumi esikhulu sokubuka umsindo sabesifazane ababonisa izibonelo ezihloselwe amantombazane emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngezingxoxo ezimfushane, abesifazane abasebasha bangezwa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabesifazane abasebenza emikhakheni eyahlukene: kusukela kochwepheshe abaqeqeshwayo kuya kochwepheshe be-CEO, ondunankulu, ochwepheshe bezolwandle, kanye nochwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo . Konke lokhu kuyatholakala ku-inthanethi, mahhala, futhi kufinyeleleka kunoma yikuphi lapho kunokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okuhle. I-Telefónica ibambisene ekuqalisweni kwale nkundla, okuhambisana nokuzibophezela kwayo ekwenzeni idijithali ibe yingxenye enkulu.
Ngesikhathi sesethulo, umongameli wayo, uJosé María Álvarez-Pallete, ugcizelele ukuthi ukuphula imibono yobulili enciphisa izifiso zamantombazane kudinga umzamo ohlangene womphakathi wonke nokuthi i-Video Hub iyisibonelo sendlela ubuchwepheshe obungaxhumanisa ngayo abantu ukuze babhekane nezinkinga ezithile, njengokuntuleka kwezibonelo ezahlukahlukene zamantombazane amancane.
UMiriam González Durántez, umsunguli we-Inspiring Girls, ugcizelele esinye isici esibalulekile: ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje, noma yimuphi intombazane ingalalela izindaba ezikhuthazayo zabesifazane abangochwepheshe, iphakamise izifiso zayo futhi yandise umbono wayo . Lapha, ukuxhumana kuyayeka ukuba yinto yokunethezeka futhi kuba ithuluzi lokuguqulwa komuntu siqu nokweqembu.
Okwamanje, amaphrojekthi afana ne-42 Madrid, ikhampasi yokuhlela esekelwa yi-Telefónica, ahlose ukudala izimiso zemvelo ezivulekile neziguquguqukayo ezisebenza njengeplatifomu yamakhono abesifazane emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe . Indlela yayo, esekelwe ekufundeni kontanga, umsebenzi wokubambisana, kanye nokudlala imidlalo, ihlose ukudiliza izithiyo zokungena futhi inikeze indawo lapho noma ubani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungubani, angathuthukisa amakhono edijithali athuthukile.
Idatha evela ku-42 Madrid iwumfanekiso: inani labahlanganyeli ababhalisiwe lisondela ku-20.000, kanti cishe u-36% ngabesifazane . Nakuba ukulingana kungakafinyelelwa, lesi sibalo sibonisa ukuthi lapho kuklanywa izindawo ezibandakanya kakhulu nezifinyelelekayo, intshisekelo yabesifazane kwezobuchwepheshe iyabonakala.
Izenzo zokuvala ukuhlukana kwedijithali nokwandisa amathuba
Ukulingana kwedijithali akukwazi ukufezwa ngokwakho: kudinga izinqubomgomo zomphakathi, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nokubambisana. Enye yezinzuzo zokuqala ukwandisa ingqalasizinda ye-broadband kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana ezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle , ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye nezindawo ezinemali engenayo ephansi. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-Internet Society ethi "Connecting the Unconnected" zihloselwe ngqo ukuletha i-inthanethi emiphakathini engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Kanye nengqalasizinda, izinhlelo zokufunda ngedijithali eziqondiswe emaqenjini asengozini, asebekhulile, abantu abanezinga eliphansi lemfundo, kanye nemiphakathi ehlukunyeziwe zibalulekile . Akwanele ukufaka nje i-antenna bese usabalalisa amathebulethi: ukwesekwa, ukuqeqeshwa, izimpendulo zemibuzo, kanye nokulungiswa kokuqukethwe kumongo ngamunye othize kubalulekile. Uhlelo lwesibonelelo se-SCILLS, isibonelo, lusekela amaphrojekthi endawo ahlanganisa imfundo yendabuko ne-ICT ukuthuthukisa ukufunda nokufundisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi okubucayi nokuphephile.
Ukukwazi ukukhokhela kungenye into ebalulekile. Uma izimali zokuxhuma noma amadivayisi zihlala zibiza kakhulu, imindeni engenayo ephansi izoshiywa ngaphandle, noma ngabe kukhona ukumbozwa kobuchwepheshe . Izinhlelo ezifana ne-BOLT Grants zihlose ngqo ukukhuthaza izixazululo zokuxhumana ezintsha nezishibhile ezivumelaniswe nezimo lapho ubuchwepheshe bezentengiselwano bungatholakali noma bungazinzile.
Ukufinyeleleka kumele kufinyeleleke kuzo zonke izici zomklamo wedijithali. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amawebhusayithi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye namapulatifomu ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokufinyeleleka zomhlaba wonke kuyindlela kuphela yokuthi abantu abakhubazekile bahlanganyele ngokulinganayo . Lokhu kufaka phakathi konke kusukela ekubhaleni amagama angezansi kanye nencazelo yomsindo kuya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ezilungele ukufunda isikrini kanye nezinye izindlela zalabo abangakwazi ukusebenzisa igundane lendabuko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana phakathi kohulumeni bomphakathi, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, izinhlangano zomphakathi, kanye nemiphakathi yasendaweni kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ukubambisana komphakathi nezizimele kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kwezimali, ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokufinyelela endaweni , okuholela kumaphrojekthi okwenziwa kwedijithali abandakanya wonke umuntu futhi azinzile.
Uma igebe likhula ezindaweni zasemakhaya: abesifazane kanye nokuxhumana
Emakhaya aseSpain, ukuhlukana kwedijithali kunezici zako. Nakuba imizi engu-9 kweyishumi eSpain inamanethiwekhi e-broadband aqinile okungenani angu-100 Mbps, ezindaweni zasemakhaya inani lehla laya ku-7 kweyishumi , okushiya ingxenye enkulu yabantu isesimweni esibi kakhulu.
Lokhu kuntuleka kwengqalasizinda kuveza amathuba ambalwa okuthuthukiswa komnotho, ukufinyelela okungekuhle kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi zedijithali, kanye nobunzima obukhulu empilweni yansuku zonke . Futhi ngaphakathi kwalesi simo, abesifazane basemakhaya bathwele umthwalo owengeziwe: abaningi abanazo izinsiza ezanele noma, uma benazo, abanalo ulwazi oludingekayo lokuzisebenzisa ngempumelelo.
Izenzo ezibonakala zilula njengokuthumela i-resume, ukulanda umlando wokuqashwa, noma ukufaka isicelo sosizo ku-inthanethi kungaba izithiyo ezingokoqobo . Umphumela uba ukubandlululwa ekufinyeleleni izinzuzo, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nomsebenzi, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuntuleka kwabantu kanye nokuqashwa okungaphephile kwabesifazane ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Ukuze kuxazululwe ngqo leli qiniso, i-Federation of Women and Families in Rural Areas (AMFAR) iqalise uhlelo lwe-“CONECTA-T”. Umgomo wayo ukunciphisa ukuhlukana kwedijithali phakathi kwabesifazane basemakhaya baseSpain ngokusebenzisa indawo ebonakalayo ehlanganisa ukuhlolwa, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nolwazi , olutholakala kwiwebhusayithi yayo.
Lolu hlelo lunikeza, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isivivinyo samahhala ukuze umsebenzisi ngamunye akwazi ukunquma izinga lakhe lamakhono edijithali futhi athole iphrofayili yakhe . Ukusuka lapho, lunikeza ukufinyelela okuqondile ezifundweni zamahhala ngamakhono edijithali ayisisekelo nathuthukile, kanye nezinsiza zolwazi ezisebenzayo kosomabhizinisi besifazane abacabanga ukuqala ibhizinisi bekude.
I-“CONECTA-T” iphinde isebenze njengesango lokusiza kanye nezinsizakalo ezifana ne-Digital Kit kanye namanye amathuluzi amabhizinisi kanye nabantu ngabanye. Ngemuva kwale phrojekthi kukhona uhlelo lwe-“Reducing the Digital Divide in Rural Areas: Rural Women Connect-T”, oluxhaswe yi-Ministry of Social Rights , oluqinisa indima yokuxhaswa komphakathi ngalezi zinhlelo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlangano ezifana ne-"la Caixa" Foundation zikhuthaza imihlangano yokufundisa ngokufunda ngedijithali yabantu abadala kanye namaqembu asengozini , zibanikeza amathuluzi amasha azosiza ekubuyeleni kwabo emsebenzini kanye nokuzimela kwabo emisebenzini yansuku zonke. Ngale ndlela, ukuvala ukuhlukana kwedijithali kuqondakala ngokucacile njengokuvula amathuba amasha okulingana komphakathi.
Izwe elixhumene nabesifazane abaningi esikhathini esizayo sedijithali
Ezweni elifana neSpain, elifisa ukuba ngumholi kwezobuchwepheshe, akunangqondo ukuvumela ukuhlukana kwedijithali kanye nemibono ephambene ngobulili ukuthi kuqhubeke nokunciphisa amathalente atholakalayo . IKhomishini yaseYurophu ilinganisela ukuthi ngo-2021, cishe u-45% wemisebenzi izobe ihlobene nendawo yedijithali, kodwa abesifazane bakha ngaphansi kuka-30% wabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-7 abasebenza emkhakheni we-ICT eYurophu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-OECD iveze ukuthi iSpain ibhekene nesidingo sezigidi zochwepheshe abanolwazi lwesayensi, ubuchwepheshe kanye nezibalo . Ukungafani phakathi kwezidingo zemakethe yezabasebenzi kanye nokuba khona kwabesifazane kule mikhakha kubonisa isikhala esikhulu sokuthuthuka.
Kumnotho othuthukile nowesimanje, ukuheha abesifazane abanamakhono emnothweni wedijithali kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha akuyona nje indaba yobulungiswa bezenhlalo, kodwa kuyinto ebalulekile . Akukhona ukuqala impi yokulingana ngegagasi ngalinye elisha lobuchwepheshe, kodwa mayelana nokwakha isisekelo esiqinile sokubamba iqhaza ngokulinganayo manje.
Ukuxhumana, uma kuhlanganiswa nezinqubomgomo zemfundo ehlanganisa bonke abantu, izinhlelo eziyisibonelo, ukuqeqeshwa okufinyelelekayo, kanye nezinyathelo zokusekela ezomnotho, kungaba umngane onamandla ekususeni izithiyo ezingabonakali njengokuthi uhlala kuphi, isimo sakho sezomnotho, noma ubulili bakho . Kusukela emantombazaneni athola amarobhothi edolobheni elincane kuya kwasebekhulile abafunda ukuqedela izinqubo eziku-inthanethi, ubuchwepheshe bungavula iminyango eyayivalwe ngenkani.
Kuningi okusamele kwenziwe, kusukela ekuqhubekeni nokwandisa ukufinyelela kwe-broadband kuya ekuqinisekiseni amanani angabizi, ukuqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka, kanye nokwandisa izinhlelo zokuqeqesha. Kodwa izibonelo ezifana namapulatifomu afana ne-Inspiring Girls, izinhlelo ezifana ne-“CONECTA-T,” amakhampasi afana ne-42 Madrid, kanye nezinhlelo zokufunda ngedijithali zomphakathi zibonisa indlela ecacile eya phambili: lapho ukuxhumana kuqondiswe ekulinganeni, akube kusaqhubeka nokuba yintuthuko yezobuchwepheshe futhi kuba ithuluzi langempela lamathuba alinganayo.
