Uma sifuna amathuluzi amakhompyutha ethu noma amadivayisi eselula, kuvamile kakhulu ukuthola izinhlelo ezibonakala zikhululekile ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, uma sibheka umbhalo omncane, siyaqaphela ukuthi akuyona yonke into engabizi imali ekuqaleni emahhala unomphela. Ilayisensi yesofthiwe yilokho okubalulekile lapha, ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izici esingazisebenzisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunomkhawulo wesikhathi, noma uma unjiniyela egcina ikhodi ikhiyiwe ukuze kungabikho muntu ongayishintsha.
Ukuqonda le mibono kubalulekile ukuze ugweme izinto ezimangazayo ezingathandeki, ikakhulukazi uma uphatha ibhizinisi elincane noma ufuna nje ukugcina ikhompyutha yakho ihlanzekile. Ukulanda uhlelo olumahhala ngenxa yomusa wombhali akufani nokulanda oluyicebo lokumaketha elenzelwe ukukukwenza ukhokhe ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ake sichaze ukuthi yini engemuva kwala malebula ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi ufaka ini.
Izwe le-Freeware: Mahhala kodwa hhayi njalo mahhala
I-Freeware iyisofthiwe esatshalaliswa mahhala futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ayinayo imingcele yesikhathi . Ungayifaka namuhla futhi usayisebenzisa eminyakeni emihlanu kusukela manje ngaphandle kokuvela kwewindi elivelayo. Kodwa-ke, kunento eyodwa okufanele uyiqaphele kakhulu: ukuba mahhala akusho ukuthi iyisofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile. Nge-freeware, umbhali ugcina amalungelo obunikazi bokusungula futhi ikhodi yomthombo ihlala ivaliwe , ngakho awukwazi ukuyishintsha noma ukuyisabalalisa ngokusemthethweni uma ilayisensi iyivimbela.
Ngakho-ke, abadali balezi zinhlelo benza kanjani imali? Nokho, kunezindlela eziningana. Ezinye zifaka phakathi ukukhangisa okuhlanganiswe ku-interface (njengoba kunjalo ngabanye abafundi be-PDF), ezinye zikhipha izinguqulo "ezilula" ezicacile ukuze zikuhehe ukuthi uthenge inguqulo yobungcweti, kanti ezinye zikwenza nje ngenxa yodumo noma ukusiza umphakathi. Izibonelo ezaziwayo zifaka phakathi isiphequluli se -Mozilla Firefox , isidlali semidiya se-VLC , kanye nethuluzi lokucindezela le -7-Zip , elifanele ukucindezela amafayela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi.
I-Shareware: Zama ngaphambi kokuthenga
I-Shareware isebenza ngesimiso esihlukile: empeleni iyisilingo samahhala . Umthuthukisi ukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise uhlelo ukuze ubone ukuthi luyafanelana nezidingo zakho, kodwa luhlanganisa ukubamba noma ukukhawulelwa okuthile ukukuphoqa ukuthi ukhokhele ilayisensi ephelele uma ufuna ukuqhubeka nokuyisebenzisa. Lo modeli waqala ngawo-80 futhi uvame kakhulu emhlabeni wemidlalo yevidiyo namathuluzi okuhlela ochwepheshe, ikakhulukazi uma ufuna uhlelo lwesofthiwe yomdlalo ongalukhetha kumaphrojekthi akho.
Ngaphakathi kwe-shareware kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ezifanele ukuzazi ukuze kugwenywe ukudideka:
- I-Trialware: Ikunikeza ukufinyelela okugcwele kuzo zonke izici, kodwa okwesikhashana nje kuphela. isikhathi esinqunyelwe (isibonelo, izinsuku ezingu-30). Uma iwashi lifinyelela ku-zero, uhlelo luyakhiya.
- I-Crippleware: Ungayisebenzisa isikhathi eside ngendlela ofuna ngayo, kodwa ikhona imisebenzi ebalulekile ivaliweIsibonelo, umhleli okuvumela ukuthi ubhale kodwa ongakuvumeli ukuthi ulondoloze ifayela ngaphandle kokuthi ukhokhe.
- I-Nagware: Kuyicasula kakhulu, ngoba akuvimbeli uhlelo, kodwa kuyakuphoxa. amawindi ezigaxekile ukukhumbuza njalo ukuthi uthenge ilayisensi. I-WinRAR iyisibonelo esivamile lapha.
- I-Freemium: Kujwayelekile kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeselula. Unesisekelo samahhala esiwusizo kakhulu, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa okuthuthukile noma isitoreji esengeziwe siyakhokhwa.
- I-Donationware: Isofthiwe isebenza ngokugcwele, kodwa umbhali ucela umnikelo wokuzithandela ukuqhubeka nokusekela iphrojekthi.
Ukuqhathanisa okuqondile: I-Freeware vs. I-Shareware
Ukuze kube lula ukuqhathanisa, umehluko oyinhloko usekuqhubekeni kokusetshenziswa . I-Freeware iyindlela yokufaka bese ukhohlwa ngokukhokha, kuyilapho i-shareware ihilela isikhathi sesivivinyo ngaphambi kokuthenga. Ngokuphathelene nezimvume, abathuthukisi be-shareware bavame ukukhuthaza ukwabelana ngenguqulo yesivivinyo ukuze kubonakale, kanti i-freeware ngokuvamile inezilawuli zokusabalalisa eziqinile ukuvimbela iziteshi ezingagunyaziwe.
Kubalulekile ukungadidanisi le mibono neSoftware Yamahhala noma Yomthombo Ovulekile . Nakuba i-freeware kanye ne-shareware kuyisofthiwe eyimfihlo (evaliwe), isofthiwe yamahhala ivumela noma ubani ukuthi atadishe, ashintshe, futhi athuthukise ikhodi yomthombo. Yilapho ifilosofi ye-Copyleft ingena khona, eyalela ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwamahhala kuhlale kumahhala, kuvimbele inkampani yangasese ukuthi isebenzise ikhodi futhi iyivale.
Izingozi zokuphepha kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha
Ukulanda izinto zamahhala kuhlale kunengozi ethile. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo zisetshenziswa njengeTrojan horses ukufaka i-adware noma i-spyware . I-Adware ikuhlasela ngezikhangiso, kuyilapho i-spyware iyingozi kakhulu ngoba ilandelela umsebenzi wakho futhi yeba idatha yangasese ukuze uyithengisele abantu besithathu, okwenza kube kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungasabela kanjani ekuhlaselweni kwe-cyber.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga, into ehlakaniphile kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukulandela imithetho eyisisekelo:
- Gwema amasayithi okulanda avela eceleni futhi njalo iya ku- iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yonjiniyela.
- Uma ufaka, khetha njalo ukufaka ngokwezifisoUngachofozi nje "Okulandelayo" ngokunganaki, ngoba yileyo ndlela ogcina ngayo ufake amabha wamathuluzi angavamile noma isofthiwe ye-antivirus ongayicelanga.
- Gcina uhlelo lwakho luvuselelwe. I-shareware endala ingaba nayo ubuthakathaka obukhulu ukuthi abaphangi basebenzisa ithuba uma unjiniyela engasawakhiphi ama-patch okuphepha.
- Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuphepha eliphelele elingatholi amagciwane kuphela, kodwa futhi i-adware.
Ukuze siphethe, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukukhetha phakathi kwesofthiwe eyodwa noma enye kuncike ekutheni sifuna ithuluzi lamahhala unomphela noma uma sidinga ikhambi lochwepheshe esifuna ukulihlola kuqala. Nakuba i-freeware inikeza ukufinyelela kwamahhala okungenamkhawulo, i-shareware iyisibopho sekhwalithi elinganisekayo, yize zombili zinezici zokuba yisofthiwe eyimfihlo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufunda njalo isivumelwano selayisense futhi uqaphele ngomthombo wamafayela ukuvimbela ithuluzi lamahhala ukuthi lingabi yinkinga yokuphepha kwikhompyutha yethu.
