- I-Windows Defender inikeza isisekelo esihle, kodwa ngokuvamile idinga izendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuphepha kuye ngokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani kanye nezinga lengozi.
- Izinsongo ezinkulu ku-Windows yi-malware, i-ransomware, i-phishing, kanye nokuhlaselwa kwamaphasiwedi, okuqinisekiswa yiphutha lomuntu.
- Ukuhlanganisa isofthiwe yokulwa namagciwane, ukusekela izithombe ezigcwele, kanye nemikhuba emihle yokusebenzisa kwandisa amakhono okutakula.
- Uma ukhetha izixazululo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, udinga ukucabangela ukukhuliswa, indlela ephelele, izindleko, kanye nekhwalithi yokusekela.
Ukuvikela i-PC ye-Windows namuhla kungaphezu nje kokufaka isofthiwe ye-antivirus bese uyikhohlwa. Uhlelo olusongelayo selukhule kakhulu kangangokuthi uma ufuna ukuphequlula ngokuphephile, ukusebenza, ukulanda amafayela, noma ngisho nokufinyelela amawebhusayithi abucayi kakhulu, udinga isu lokuphepha kwe-cyber elicatshangelwe kahle , elinezingqimba eziningi ze-Windows .
Ukuphepha okuyisisekelo ku-Windows: ukuthi ungaqala kuphi
Uma usola ukuthi i-PC yakho ine-malware, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha. Ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows Security olwakhelwe ngaphakathi olune-module ethi "Virus & threat protection" likuvumela ukuthi uskene ngokushesha ngemizuzwana; kuyindlela elula yokuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini okusobala okonakalisa ikhompyutha yakho.
Kulolo hlelo lokusebenza olufanayo, ungaqala i- "Quick Scan" noma, uma usakhathazekile, khetha ukuskena okugcwele noma okwenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze uhlole amadrayivu athile, amadrayivu e-USB, noma amafolda lapho uvame ukulanda khona amafayela. Uma usenokungabaza ngemva kokuskena okusheshayo (ikhompyutha ihamba kancane, amafasitela angajwayelekile ayavela, isiphequluli siziphatha ngendlela exakile), kuyalulekwa ukuthi usebenzise ukuskena okujulile.
Ngaphandle kwesofthiwe ejwayelekile ye-antivirus, i-Microsoft nabanye abathengisi banikeza isethi ephelele yamathuluzi okuphepha: ama-firewall, izihlungi zokulwa ne-phishing, ukuvikelwa kwewebhu , izilawuli zabazali, kanye nezixazululo zokusekelayo . Umgomo ukuvikela hhayi idivayisi ngokwayo kuphela, kodwa nolwazi elugcinayo, ukuxhumana kwakho, kanye nama-akhawunti akho efu.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe ekhaya okuyisisekelo, abasebenzisi abaningi bathembele kuphela kumathuluzi okuphepha kwe-inthanethi e-Windows Defender kanye ne-Microsoft mahhala . Kodwa-ke, lapho usebenzisana namanethiwekhi ezinkampani, amadivayisi amaningi, ukufinyelela okukude, noma idatha ebucayi kakhulu, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ucabangele ukwengeza izixazululo zokuphepha ezengeziwe kanye nezinqubomgomo eziqinile kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ukubaluleka kokuphepha kwe-cyber ikakhulukazi kwi-Windows
Uma uxhuma i-PC ye-Windows kwi-inthanethi, kungaba sekhaya noma ehhovisi, kufanele ucabange ukuthi udinga uhlobo oluthile lwesisombululo sokuphepha kwe-inthanethi amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto . Ukuhlaselwa akupheli: amagciwane, izikelemu, ama-Trojans, i-ransomware, ama-keylogger, i-spyware, ukwebiwa kobunikazi, ugaxekile ononya—konke kulinde ukuthi ulahle ukuqapha kwakho.
Ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okwanele ngokumelene ne-malware nezinye izinsongo , ungalahlekelwa idatha, ubone ukusebenza kwesistimu kwehla , noma esimweni esibi kakhulu, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha yakho ngoba amafayela abethelwe noma uhlelo alusasebenzi.
Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi basebenzisa isoftware ehlukahlukene: izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane ezithuthukisiwe, izixazululo ze-EDR , amathuluzi okuvikela ubunikazi, izinhlelo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, kanye namapulatifomu okusekelayo nokubuyisa . Ingxenye ngayinye ibhekana nengxenye yenkinga: ukuvimbela, ukuthola, ukuphendula okusheshayo, kanye nokululama ngemva kwesigameko.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Malware kumane nje kuyingqimba eyodwa. Isofthiwe enhle yokuphepha kwe-cyber ye-Windows ihlanganisa ukutholwa kwezinsongo ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinqubo ezisolisayo, ukuvimba ukuxhumana okunonya, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokufunda komshini ukuze kuhlale kuphambi kwezinsongo ezivelayo (kufaka phakathi ukuhlaselwa kwezinsuku ezingenalutho).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphakheji amaningi afaka izici ezengeziwe ezifana nokulawula kwabazali, ukuvikelwa kwe-webcam nemakrofoni, ukuhlunga okuqukethwe, kanye nendawo ekude noma amathuluzi okusula . Kumzali ohlanganyela ikhompyutha nezingane noma uchwepheshe osebenza ngedatha ebucayi, lezi zinto ezengeziwe zenza umehluko omkhulu.
I-Windows 11 ne-Windows 10: Zivikeleke kangakanani ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka?
Nakuba i-Windows 11 ithuthukise ukuphepha ngokusobala uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguqulo zangaphambilini, iqiniso liwukuthi akwanele njengesithiyo esisodwa ngokumelene nesimo samanje sosongo . I-Windows iyisistimu ehlaselwa kakhulu: iningi lemikhankaso ye-ransomware kanye ne-malware eningi ihlose ukuyibeka phambili.
Isivikelo esihlanganisiwe, esine-Microsoft Defender esiyinhloko yaso, sinikeza ukutholwa kwesikhathi sangempela, i-firewall, ukuhlunga izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisisekelo, ukuvikelwa kwenethiwekhi, kanye nokulawula okulula kwabazali . Kuyisisekelo esihle kakhulu futhi, ezivivinyweni ezizimele zokulinganisa, kuye kwabonakala kuhambisana nezinhlelo eziningi ze-antivirus zezentengiselwano maqondana nokutholwa okumsulwa.
Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko obalulekile: I-Defender yakhelwe njengethuluzi elijwayelekile lokulwa ne-malware, hhayi i-suite ephelele yokuphepha kwe-cyber . Ayinikezi izinga elifanayo lokuvikelwa ku-ransomware eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuphathwa okuphelele kokusekela izithombe, noma ukuvikelwa kwemihlangano yevidiyo okuzinikele, futhi ayinikezi isu lokutakula elizimele ngemuva kokuhlaselwa okukhulu.
Isimo siyafana naku-Windows 10. Uhlelo luphinde luhlanganise i-Windows Defender, i-firewall, kanye nezibuyekezo zokuphepha ezivamile , kodwa luhlala lusengozini yokuhlaselwa yi-cyberattacks, i-malware elandiwe kumawebhusayithi asolisayo, i-phishing nge-imeyili, kanye namathuluzi okugenca asebenzisa ubuthakathaka obungalungiswanga.
Ngakho-ke, ngisho nangokwentuthuko kulezi zinguqulo, kunconywa ukuthi uhlale ubuyekeza uhlelo lokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza, usebenzise amaphasiwedi aqinile, unike amandla i-MFA kuma-akhawunti abalulekile, ugweme isofthiwe ephangiwe, futhi wengeze ikhambi lokuphepha elengeziwe uma iphrofayili yengozi ikwenza kufaneleke (umsebenzi okude, idatha eyimfihlo, indawo yenkampani, njll.).
Amalabhorethri ayihlola kanjani isofthiwe ye-antivirus ye-Windows 11?
Izinhlangano ezizimele ezifana ne-AV-TEST zibeka imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokuphepha ye-Windows 11 ezivivinyweni ezidinga kakhulu ezihlanganisa konke kusukela kumasampula e-malware acishe abe ngu-500 ngosuku olungenalutho kuya kumakhodi ayingozi akamuva angaba ngu-19.000 okufanele ngabe asevele aziwa yizinkampani.
Kulezi zivivinyo, amasuti amaningi athembekile athola imiphumela emihle kakhulu, ehlunga bonke abahlaseli phakathi nezinyanga zokuhlolwa ngaphandle kokwehluleka okubonakalayo . Eminye imikhiqizo ingase iphuthelwe isampula ngezikhathi ezithile, okuholela ezijezisweni ezincane kumaphuzu ayo aphelele, kodwa kusobala ukuthi yiziphi izixazululo ezisebenza njalo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile la malebhu alilinganisayo umthelela ekusebenzeni kwesistimu . Uma i-antivirus yenza i-PC yakho entsha ingasebenzi kahle, uzoyikhipha ngokushesha. Yingakho beqhathanisa izikhathi zokuphequlula kumawebhusayithi amaningi, izikhathi zokulanda isofthiwe kanye nokufaka, izikhathi zokuqalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezikhathi zokukopisha amafayela, kokubili kuma-PC amancane kanye nemishini ephezulu.
Amaphakheji okuphepha angcono kakhulu e-Windows 11 awangezi umthwalo olinganisekayo ohlelweni , kanti amanye abangela ukwehla okuncane noma avimbele izinhlelo ezisemthethweni ngaphezu kokudingekile, elahlekelwa yiphuzu elilodwa noma iphuzu elilodwa esilinganisweni sokugcina.
Ukusebenziseka kahle nakho kuyahlaziywa , ikakhulukazi inani lemiphumela engamanga . Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukuqalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba ngu-900.000 ezingenangozi, ukufaka izinhlelo ezidumile, nokuvakashela amawebhusayithi ahlanzekile. Okungcono kakhulu, i-antivirus akufanele ivuse ama-alamu angadingekile noma ivimbele isofthiwe esemthethweni, into efinyelelwa yimikhiqizo eminingi ehamba phambili cishe ngo-100%.
Isofthiwe esetshenziswa ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi
Ochwepheshe abangochwepheshe ekuvikeleni amanethiwekhi nemishini abagcini nje ngokuthembela kusofthiwe elula yokulwa namagciwane. Umsebenzi wabo wansuku zonke ugxile ezixazululweni zokuphepha kwe-cyber ezihlanganisiwe: ukuvikelwa kwe-antimalware, i-antivirus ethuthukisiwe, i-EDR, ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi, ukubethela, kanye namathuluzi okuvikela idatha.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-malware kuhlanganisa izinjini ezikwazi ukubona, ukuhlukanisa, nokuqeda amagciwane, ama-Trojans, ama-worms, ama-rootkit, ama-spyware, ama-adware, ama-botnets, kanye ne-ransomware , kokubili ngokusayina nangokuziphatha. Amaningi ala mathuluzi ahlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze abone amaphethini asolisayo, ngisho nasezinsongweni ezingabonakali ngaphambilini.
I-antivirus yesimanje enhle yenza okungaphezu nje kokuskena amafayela. Iphinde ihlanganise ukuvikelwa kwesiphequluli, ukuskena okunamathiselwe nge-imeyili, ukuvimba izikripthi ezinonya, ukuqapha idivayisi ye-USB, kanye nokuqapha uhlelo njalo . Kwabasebenzisi abaningi basekhaya, i-antivirus esezingeni eliphezulu noma i-suite elula ihlanganisa iningi lezingozi uma isetshenziswa kanye nemikhuba emihle yokuphepha.
Izixazululo ze-Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) ziyaqhubeka. Zakhelwe amabhizinisi, ziqapha okwenzekayo endaweni ngayinye ngesikhathi sangempela, zihlaziya izehlakalo ezisolisayo, zihlobanise umsebenzi, futhi zivumela izimpendulo ezenzakalelayo ekuziphatheni okungavamile (isibonelo, inqubo eqala ngokuzumayo ukubethela amafayela).
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuvikela ubuwena (ukuqapha ukuvuza kwedatha yomuntu siqu), ukuphepha kwewebhu (ukuhlaziya ithrafikhi nokuvimba amawebhusayithi anonya), ukubethela amadiski, kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela kanye nokubuyisa idatha . Konke lokhu kuhlelwe kusukela kuma-consoles aphakathi nendawo ngaphakathi kwebhizinisi.
Izinsongo ezivame kakhulu kubasebenzisi beWindows
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngezixazululo ezithile, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ulwa nani. Ukuhlasela nge-inthanethi empeleni kuwumzamo wokuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe ohlelweni noma kunethiwekhi ukuze kwebiwe, kuguqulwe, kubhalwe ngemfihlo, noma kubhujiswe idatha . Umhlaseli angaba uchwepheshe wobugebengu be-inthanethi, iqembu elihlelekile, noma ngisho nomuntu onezinsiza ezilinganiselwe osebenzisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo.
Phakathi kwezinsongo ezivame kakhulu ku-Windows ukuhlaselwa kwe-malware ngazo zonke izinhlobo zawo: amagciwane, izikelemu, ama-Trojans, i-ransomware, i-spyware, kanye ne-adware . I-Malware ngokuvamile ingena ngezixhumanisi ezinobungozi nezinamathiselo, ukulanda kusuka kumawebhusayithi asolisayo, amadrayivu e-USB anegciwane, noma ukusetshenziswa kwesofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi.
I-Ransomware ifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngokukhethekile ngoba ibethela amafayela akho futhi ifuna inkokhelo ukuze uthole ukhiye wokususa ukubethela . Ezindaweni zebhizinisi, ishiye izibhedlela zingenasevisi, amahholo edolobha evaliwe, nezinkampani zonke zivaliwe. Ihlanganisa kakhulu ukubethela nokwebiwa kwedatha nezisulu zengcindezi.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-phishing kungenye inhlupho. Kusebenza ngokuthumela ama-imeyili noma imiyalezo ezenza izinhlangano ezisemthethweni (amabhange, izinsizakalo zokuthumela izincwadi, amanethiwekhi omphakathi) ukuze kukhohliswe ukuthi uchofoze kusixhumanisi noma ufake iziqinisekiso zakho . Ngokuvamile ziqukethe amaphutha ohlelo lolimi kanye nokufometha okungajwayelekile, kodwa ezinye zenziwe kahle kakhulu futhi zikhohlisa ngisho nabasebenzisi abanolwazi.
Ukuhlaselwa ngamaphasiwedi nakho kuvamile : amandla amakhulu, ukuhlaselwa kwesichazamazwi, kanye nama-keylogger . Ama-keylogger aqopha konke okuthayiphayo, okuhlanganisa amaphasiwedi asebhange kanye ne-imeyili. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba nesivikelo sesikhathi sangempela, i-MFA yezinsizakalo ezibucayi, kanye nabaphathi bamaphasiwedi abathembekile abakhiqiza amaphasiwedi amade nahlukile.
Emkhakheni wezinsizakalo eziku-inthanethi, kukhona nokuhlaselwa kokunqatshelwa kwenkonzo (i-DoS kanye ne-DDoS) , okuqeda amandla amaseva ngethrafikhi, okwenza angasetshenziswa. Ezingeni lomsebenzisi, lokhu kuhlaselwa kuvame kakhulu uma uphatha amawebhusayithi, imidlalo eku-inthanethi, noma amaseva akho.
Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela i-Windows 10 ne-Windows 11
Ayikho isofthiwe yodwa engenza izimangaliso. Ukuze kube nokuphepha kwe-inthanethi okuqinile ku-Windows, kumele kuhambisane nemikhuba emihle. Okokuqala ukugcina uhlelo lokusebenza nazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zisesikhathini, ikakhulukazi isiphequluli, iklayenti le-imeyili, kanye nesofthiwe ye-antivirus uqobo . Nika amandla izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
Lungiselela iphasiwedi yakho yokungena ye-Windows ngokuphephile, futhi uma ikhompyutha yakho ikuvumela, sebenzisa i-Windows Hello (i-PIN, izigxivizo zeminwe, noma ukuqashelwa kobuso) . Gwema ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi kabusha kuzo zonke izinsizakalo ezahlukene futhi, okungcono nakakhulu, sebenzisa umphathi wephasiwedi odumile, noma ngabe uyazi ngemikhawulo yawo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuphequlula iwebhu okuphephile : sebenzisa iziphequluli ezaziwayo (i-Chrome, i-Edge, i-Firefox), lalela izixwayiso zokuphepha mayelana namakhasi angathembekile, gwema ukuchofoza amabhanela akhanyayo noma izixhumanisi ezingalindelekile, futhi uqaphele ukulanda "okuyisimangaliso" okuthembisa isofthiwe ekhokhelwayo yamahhala.
Qaphela kakhulu nge-imeyili. Ungavuli okunamathiselwe noma uchofoze izixhumanisi ezivela kubathumeli abangaziwa noma emilayezweni obungayilindele , noma ngabe ibonakala ivela ebhange lakho noma enkampanini eyaziwayo. Uma unemibuzo, finyelela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ngesandla ngokuthayipha ikheli kusiphequluli sakho.
Futhi gwema ukuxhuma amadrayivu e-USB noma amakhadi e-SD avela emithonjeni engaziwa . Lawa madivayisi angaba ne-malware eziphindaphindayo. Uma uxhuma entsha, vumela isofthiwe yakho yokulwa namagciwane iyiskene ngaphambi kokuvula noma yimaphi amafayela.
Okokugcina, qaphela amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi omphakathi, ikakhulukazi kuma-cafe, ezikhumulweni zezindiza, noma emahhotela . Ungenzi imisebenzi ebucayi (ebhange, ukuyothenga, ukufinyelela amaphaneli okuphatha) kula manethiwekhi ngaphandle kwe- VPN ethembekile , njengoba ithrafikhi yakho ingavinjelwa kalula.
Ingabe i-Windows Defender yanele, noma kukhona okunye okudingekayo?
Abasebenzisi abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi, ngo-2024, i-Windows Defender isanele yini njengesivikelo sabo kuphela . Impendulo incike emaphethini akho okusebenzisa kanye nokubekezelela kwakho ingozi. Uma uphequlula amawebhusayithi athembekile kuphela, ugwema ukulanda isofthiwe esolisayo, usebenzisa i-MFA, futhi ulondoloza imikhuba emihle yokuphepha, i-Defender ingase ibe ngokwanele.
Uma kusetshenziswa kakhulu, njengokulanda ama-torrent, ukuvakasha ngezikhathi ezithile kumawebhusayithi angaba yingozi, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamabhange aku-inthanethi kanye namanethiwekhi omphakathi , futhi ikakhulukazi uma ukhathazekile ngempela ngokugwema ama-keylogger kanye ne-ransomware, kungcono ukwengeza izendlalelo ezengeziwe.
Lezi zendlalelo zingafaka i-antivirus yomuntu wesithathu enokuvikelwa kwewebhu okuthuthukisiwe, iskripthi kanye nesivimbeli sezikhangiso, i-VPN ethembekile yamanethiwekhi omphakathi, kanye nesisombululo esiqinile sokusekelayo . Akukhona ukufaka izinhlelo eziyishumi, kodwa mayelana nokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu ezihambisanayo ngempumelelo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi usebenza ngedatha yamakhasimende, amaphrojekthi ebhizinisi, noma ulwazi olubucayi. Kuleso simo, ukuthembela kuphela ku-Defender kushiya izikhala eziningi kakhulu : udinga ukucaca ukuthi uzowabuyisa kanjani amasistimu namafayela akho uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi, yize iDefender isithuthuke kakhulu, izigebengu ze-cybercriminals zifunda ngokucophelela ikhodi ye-Windows kanye nezivikelo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi . Imikhankaso yazo yenzelwe ngqo ukugwema ukuvikelwa okubanzi kakhulu. Izixazululo ezikhethekile kakhulu zezinkampani zangaphandle zihamba ngokushesha ukubhekana namasu amasha.
Ama-antivirus kanye nama-suites anconyiwe e-Windows
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-antivirus kanye nama-suite okuphepha e-Windows emakethe. Phakathi kwalawo ahlala evelele ezivivinyweni ezizimele yi -Microsoft Defender (njengengxenye ye-Windows), ama-suite akhokhelwayo njenge-McAfee, kanye nezixazululo ezihlanganisiwe njenge-Malwarebytes , eyaqala njengohlelo oluhambisanayo lokulwa ne-malware futhi manje inikeza isivikelo esengeziwe.
Kumsebenzisi wasekhaya, i-antivirus yamahhala elinganiswe kahle ingamboza ngokwanele izisekelo zokutholwa kwe-malware . Into ebalulekile ukuthi igcina izinga elihle lokutholwa, inani eliphansi lemiphumela emibi engamanga, kanye nomthelela omncane ekusebenzeni.
Uma usebenza kunethiwekhi yenkampani noma uphatha amaqembu amaningi, kunengqondo kakhulu ukutshala imali ezixazululweni nge-console ephakathi, amakhono e-EDR, ukuhlunga iwebhu kwenhlangano yonke, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuphepha ezihlangene . Lokho ukuphepha kwezinga lebhizinisi, hhayi nje "ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni."
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi, ngaphezu kwesofthiwe ye-antivirus, kunezinye izigaba zesofthiwe okufanele zilandwe njalo emithonjeni ethembekile: amarekhodi esikrini, abahleli bevidiyo, abadlali bemidiya, nanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olufaka ohlelweni lwakho lwe-Windows . Njalo beka phambili amawebhusayithi asemthethweni onjiniyela noma izitolo ezithembekile, ugweme izinguqulo eziphangiwe ezivame ukuza ne-malware.
Emkhakheni wesofthiwe ye-antivirus, kwenziwa izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa ukuze kuhlolwe ukumelana ne -ransomware, ukwebiwa kwedatha, kanye nokuhlaselwa kwesikhathi sangempela , okubonisa ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo engakwazi ukuvimba kuphela kodwa futhi nokubuyisa amafayela abethelwe noma ukuhlukanisa usongo ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi.
Izixazululo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi ezithuthukisiwe ze-Windows
Ngaphandle kwesofthiwe ye-antivirus yendabuko, kunezinga eliphakeme: izixazululo zokuphepha kwe-cyber ezihlanganisa ukuphepha kanye nokusekelayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka . Umqondo uwukuthi azigcini nje ngokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kodwa futhi zisiza ekubuyiselweni kwesistimu ngokuphelele ngemva kwalokho.
Isibonelo esiyinhloko yi-Acronis Cyber Protect Home Office (eyayikade i-Acronis True Image), ehlanganisa ukusekela ngokulondoloza isithombe sediski eligcwele, ukuvikelwa kwe-antimalware kanye ne-antiransomware, kanye nezinketho zokubuyisela ngokushesha kuphakheji eyodwa . Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu uma ugcina amadokhumenti abalulekile, izithombe, amaphrojekthi omsebenzi, noma idatha yeklayenti ku-PC yakho ye-Windows.
Lezi zinhlobo zezixazululo zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuziphatha okuvamile kwe-ransomware (isibonelo, inqubo eqala ukubethela amakhulu amafayela ngesikhathi esisodwa), imise ukuhlasela, futhi ibuyisele ngokuzenzakalelayo amafayela alimele ngenxa yama-backup ediski.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, banganikeza amakhophi akhethekile ezinsizakalo zamafu njenge-Microsoft 365 (Outlook.com, OneDrive) , okukuvikelayo noma ngabe ukuhlaselwa kuthinta ngqo i-imeyili yakho noma amafayela akho efwini.
Esinye isici esithakazelisayo ukuvikelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-videoconferencing ezifana ne-Zoom, i-Cisco Webex, noma i-Microsoft Teams . Amathuluzi athuthukile ayakwazi ukuvimba ukufakwa kwekhodi, ukuhlaselwa kokuqondisa kabusha iwebhusayithi, ukusetshenziswa kwezinguqulo eziphelelwe yisikhathi, kanye nemizamo yokuntshontsha izikhathi nokweba okuqukethwe kwemihlangano.
Okokugcina, eziningi zalezi zindawo zimboza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi namadivayisi: Ama-Windows PC, ama-Mac, amafoni e-Android, ama-iPhone, ama-iPad, namathebulethi . Uma une-"ecosystem yedijithali" encane ekhaya, kunengqondo kakhulu ukuhlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwakho kanye nama-backup kupulatifomu eyodwa.
Ukukhetha isofthiwe yokuphepha kwe-cyber engcono kakhulu yezidingo zakho
Uma unquma ukuthi iyiphi isofthiwe yokuphepha kwe-cyber okufanele uyengeze ohlelweni lwakho lwe-Windows, kungumqondo omuhle ukwenza umsebenzi omncane wokuqala: chaza izidingo zakho zangempela kanye nezinga lakho lobungozi . I-PC yomndeni esetshenziswa kalula ayifani nekhompyutha enedatha yamakhasimende noma amaphrojekthi ebhizinisi.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ukukwazi ukukhulisa . Uma uyibhizinisi noma uhlela ukukhula, udinga izixazululo ezingakhula kalula kusukela ekuvikeleni amadivayisi ambalwa kuya kwamashumi noma amakhulu, ukuphatha idatha eningi, izakhiwo zenethiwekhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nenani elikhulu labasebenzisi ngaphandle kokuwohloka endleleni.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi umhlinzeki anikeze indlela yokuphepha ephelele: ukuvikelwa kwe-endpoint, ukuphepha kwesevisi yamafu, ukuvikelwa kwenethiwekhi, kanye namathuluzi okunciphisa umthelela wamaphutha abantu . Lokhu kokugcina kubalulekile: kulinganiselwa ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yezehlakalo ze-cyber iqala ngokuchofoza ngokunganaki kusixhumanisi noma okunamathiselwe.
Funa izixazululo ezifaka phakathi izinsizakalo zokuhlaziya i-imeyili, ukulingisa i-phishing, kanye nokuzingela izinsongo ezisebenzayo . Futhi qiniseka ukuthi umhlinzeki uhlala enolwazi lwakamuva ngamasu amasha okuhlasela ngokukhipha izibuyekezo nama-patches ngokushesha.
Okuhlangenwe nakho komthengisi nakho kubalulekile. Inkampani enerekhodi eliqinile ekuphepheni kwenethiwekhi, ukuvikelwa kwedatha, ukusabela ezigamekweni, kanye nokuphathwa kwezingozi izokwazi kangcono ukukweluleka uma ungenalo ithimba elikhethekile langaphakathi, elikusiza ukuthi uklame isu elihambisanayo nelingokoqobo lendawo yakho ye-Windows.
Izindleko, ukwesekwa, nezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele
Intengo akuyona yonke into, kodwa futhi ayibalulekile. Uma uhlola izixazululo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi ze-Windows, cabanga hhayi nje ngezindleko zokuqala, kodwa nokuthi kuzodingeka ukhokhe malini esikhathini esimaphakathi neside samalayisense, ukulungiswa, izibuyekezo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka.
Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlinzeki agcine ukuziphatha okuhle kwebhizinisi: ukuthi angasebenzisi ukwesaba ukwephulwa kwedatha ukuze akuthengise ngokweqile , ukuthi asebenze njengomlingani hhayi nje njengomthengisi welayisensi, nokuthi abukeze isimo sakho samanje ngokuthula ngaphambi kokuphakamisa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukwesekwa kwamakhasimende amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto . Uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphepha, awukwazi ukulinda kuze kube uMsombuluko ngo-9 ekuseni. Okungcono kakhulu, ufuna umhlinzeki okulula ukuxhumana naye, ophendula ngokushesha, futhi okusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo zobuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
Ngokuphathelene nezindleko, ezinye izixazululo zibonakala zishibhile ekuqaleni, kodwa bese zifaka izindleko ezifihliwe kumasevisi engeziwe, amamojula akhokhelwayo, noma imikhawulo yedivayisi . Funda imigomo nemibandela ngokucophelela, hlola ukuthi imodeli yelayisense iyaguquguquka yini, nokuthi izokuvumela yini ukuthi ukhuphuke (noma wehle) ngaphandle kwezijeziso ezibalulekile.
Okokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi umhlinzeki unolwazi lwangempela ngemboni yakho . Ukuvikela ibhizinisi elincane lesevisi akufani nokuvikela inkampani yobungcweti enezibopho zobumfihlo ezisemthethweni noma isitolo esiku-inthanethi esiphatha izinkokhelo kanye nedatha yamakhadi esikweletu. Umlingani omuhle wezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi uzokwazi ukuthi angazivumelanisa kanjani nezinyathelo ukuze zivumelane nomongo wakho othize.
Ukuphepha kwe-cyber kwe-Windows akukhona nje ukufaka "i-antivirus engivikela kukho konke." Kumayelana nokuhlanganisa ngobuhlakani ukuvikelwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kwesistimu (i-Microsoft Defender, i-firewall, izibuyekezo) nesethi efanelekile yamathuluzi engeziwe, ama-backups athembekile, kanye nemikhuba yokusebenzisa ehlakaniphile . Ngokuqonda izinsongo ezivame kakhulu, indima yangempela yama-suite okuphepha, kanye nenani lezixazululo zokuphepha kwe-cyber ezibanzi, ungakha isivikelo esinamandla kakhulu sesistimu yakho ye-Windows, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyisebenzisa ekhaya kuphela noma iyinto ebalulekile yebhizinisi lakho.
